Low temperature geothermal resources are located in many areas and represent a high potential energy resource. One of the most common technologies, efficient and to exploit this type of resource is the binary cycle technology. Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is one of the main types of binary cycles. Electricity generation from low enthalpy geothermal energy using ORC is a talented technology. This paper addresses the design of binary cycle power plant utilizing one of the low temperature geothermal resource of temperature 92˚C using four alternative working fluids: Butane, Isobutane, Pentane and 1,1,1,3,3-Pentafluoropropan (R245fa). Bir Nabi is the well under consideration which located in the Eastern desert, Egypt. Three operation parameters: geothermal temperature, reinjection temperature and geothermal flow rate are taken into consideration to analyze the performance of the power plant for different fluids. A performance analysis is conducted on ORC binary power plant using MATLAB programming to study the variation of output power and efficiency with the operation parameters. Also, the effect of these parameters on the area of ORC binary cycle power plant components; preheater, evaporator and condenser is presented. The geothermal resources temperatures are in the range of 90˚C to130˚C, the mass flow rate of the geothermal fluid ranges between 10 kg/s and 50 kg/s and reinjection temperature ranges from 30˚C to 70˚C. The results indicate that, the highest output power and plant efficiency are obtained with Pentane.
Abstrak
IntroductionAlternative energy sources such as solar and wind energies, has attracted many researchers and communities throughout the world since the ''energy crisis" of the 1973 [1]. In addition, the increasing of energy demand, high energy prices, as well as the increasing concern on over environmental aspects, health and climate change implications of energy related to activities effecting the increasing concerns on alternative energy studies in communities [2][3][4][5][6]. The high costs of electricity might be due to centralize the energy systems which operate mostly on fossil fuels and require large investments for establish transmission and distribution grids which can penetrate remote regions [6]. Furthermore, the fossil fuel combustion results in the emission of obnoxious gases which rising concerns in climate change and other health hazards [7]. Conventional control algorithms require a mathematical model for the dynamic system to be controlled. The mathematical model then used to construct a controller. In many practical situations, however, it is not always feasible to obtain an accurate mathematical model of the controlled system. Artificial intelligent (AI) control offers a way dealing with modeling problems by implementing linguistic, non-formal expressed control laws derived from expert knowledge [8]. This paper presents a mathematical modeling of PV-wind hybrid system. Moreover, a control system using FLC controller is developed for achieving the coordination between the components of a PV-Wind hybrid system as well as control the energy flows between PV, wind and battery. This study is performed for an aquaculture system in remote area in Mersa Matruh, Egypt.
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