Cathelicidins, a family of host-defence peptides, are present in a diverse range of species, including fish, amphibians, birds, reptiles, and mammals. The evidence for the role of these cationic antimicrobial peptides in innate host defenses is convincing from the data of animal model and transgenic animal experiments as well as wildlife or domestic animals, indicating that the peptides protect against inflammatory and immune system after induction by bacterial infection. In this study, we present the assessment of transcription expression of CATHL4 gene which encodes indolicidin, a cathelicidin from indigenous yellow cattle of Vietnam. The research focused on RNA samples extracted from lung tissues and lymph node collected from diseased cattle which died of infectious respiratory symptoms and the healthy cattle which were slaughtered for food purposes. By quantitative real-time PCR, the relative expression of transcripts was determined and analyzed using the expression of YWHAZ gene as reference. The results showed that this gene was abundantly expressed at a higher level in tissues of the diseased cattle than in those of the healthy ones. In both infection and healthy states, the expression of CATHL4 in lymph nodes were higher than in lung tissues. This indicated that CATHL4 (indolicidin) may participate in functions against infectious pathogens.
This study was conducted to identify, evaluate and measure the attributes of working motivation of doctors in public hospitals in Hanoi. Based on literature review and the results of some interviews, 225 questionnaires were sent to doctors in public hospitals in Hanoi and were collected in 2 months. However, only 212 questionnaires were satisfactory and included in the analysis. The results of descriptive statistics, Cronbach’s Alpha analysis, Independent T-test and ANOVA have identified and measured 3 attributes of working motivation which effect on doctors in public hospitals in Hanoi. Based on the findings, some recommendations are given for doctors and public hospitals in Hanoi to improve the working motivation of doctocrs. The research has brought practical significance to hospital administrators in public hospitals, who need solutions and policies for improving doctors’ performance.
This research was undertaken to determine the factors affecting the working motivation of doctors in public hospitals in Hanoi. The author conducted a survey and collected 212 valid responses. This research employed quantitative analysis techniques such as Cronbach Alpha analysis, regression analysis. The research results showed that seven factors were identified (in descending order of importance), including Working environment, Relationship with superiors, Relationship with colleagues, Recognition, Income and benefits, Training and promotion and Job characteristics. The results of this study provide public hospitals managers with insights and tools that they can use to build and improve working motivation of doctors. Some recommendations are made to improving the working motivation of doctors.
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