BackgroundDengue fever (DF) is a vector-borne disease that is sensitive to weather and climate variability. To date, however, this relationship in coastal northern Vietnam has not been well documented.ObjectivesThis paper aims to examine the associations between meteorological variables and dengue incidence in Haiphong, Vietnam, over the period 2008–2012.MethodsMonthly data on dengue incidence from all commune health stations and hospitals of Haiphong (with a total population of ~1.8 million) were obtained in accordance with the WHO's recommendations over a 5-year period (2008–2012). Temperature, rainfall, and humidity were recorded as monthly averages by local meteorological stations. The association between ecologic weather variables and dengue cases was assessed using a Poisson regression model. The estimation of regression parameters was based on the method of maximum likelihood using the R program package.ResultsFrom 2008 through 2012, 507 cases of dengue were reported. The risk of dengue was increased by sevenfold during the September–December period compared with other months over the period 2008–2012. DF cases in Haiphong were correlated with rainfall and humidity. In the multivariable Poisson regression model, an increased risk of dengue was independently associated with months with a higher amount of rainfall (RR=1.06; 95% CI 1.00–1.13 per 50 mm increase) and higher humidity (RR=1.05; 95% CI 1.02–1.08 per 1% increase).ConclusionThese data suggest that rainfall and relative humidity could be used as ecological indicators of dengue risk in Haiphong. Intensified surveillance and disease control during periods with high rainfall and humidity are recommended. This study may provide baseline information for identifying potential long-term effects and adaptation needs of global climate change on dengue in the coming decades.
Objective: There is a relative lack of research regarding case-based educational interventions to improve blood and body fluid exposure prevention practice among nursing students. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the effect of case-based educational intervention on knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding blood and body fluid exposure prevention among nursing students, at some universities in Vietnam. Material and Methods: This study employed a randomized control trial design. Simple random sampling was used to recruit the target population, to obtain 87 nursing students. Students’ knowledge, attitude and self-reported behavior scale on exposure prevention were used to collect data at three time-points. The 4-week case-based educational intervention was provided to the intervention group (42 students); whereas, the control group received only regular training. Results: The findings revealed that there were significant, positive differences in students’ knowledge, and attitude toward blood and body fluid exposure prevention in the intervention groups than in the control group after receiving the intervention, which remained over time. Conclusion: Higher educational institutions should provide case-based educational intervention to nursing students, so as to enhance their blood and body fluid exposure prevention practices.
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