The aim of the work is the development of models for predicting the properties of final blast-furnace slags for the rapid assessment of the slag regime and the development of sound management recommendations when using various additives in the operating conditions of blast furnaces in Ukraine. A two-stage approach to calculating the properties of blast-furnace slag is proposed: according to the model of a “homogeneous” melt and taking into account its heterogeneity. A predictive model has been developed for calculating the viscosity of a «homogeneous» slag by including the integral parameter of the slag melt parameter e in the model structure, which takes into account the individual effect on the viscosity of each component of the slag composition. The current production data of the chemical composition of the final slag shows the effect of the magnesia content, alkaline compounds, basicity, Al2O3/MgO ratio on the calculated viscosity of the slags. For various operating conditions of blast furnaces, it has been shown that, due to incomplete combustion of coke and pulverized coal, the viscosity of slags increases by 1.5–2 times and their melting temperatures by 30–500C. Comparative analysis of the calculated properties of slag for different operating conditions of 3 furnaces in Ukraine confirms the appropriateness of using a complex of predictive models for the rapid assessment of the technological properties of slag, which makes it possible to choose a rational slag mode in modern conditions of blast smelting.
The Institute of Ferrous Metallurgy created the Knowledge Base “Metallurgy” (BDMet). It can be used to model the physicochemical properties of metallurgical systems and processes based on modern computer information technology. The aim of the work is to develop the fundamental foundations and identify the main directions of development of PMD, expand the presentation of fundamental, technological and regulatory reference information for analysis and multi-criteria optimization of technological processes. A component of BDMet is also the Base of models of metallurgical systems and technological processes, applied and theoretical research software. The database contains experimental data on the physicochemical properties of metal and slag melts formed from the corresponding charge materials in reducing and oxidizing conditions. The results of relevant scientific and applied developments of the department of physicochemical problems of metallurgical processes are shown. It is noted that the presence in the BDMet of the stock of models according to redistribution and a unified methodology for their creation on a modular basis allows the generation of models into a single end-to-end model. It also allows you to identify the optimal scheme of metallurgical processes and ensure the production of metal of a given quality in the framework of end-to-end technology. It is shown that the use allows us to solve the problems of optimization of technological processes for the production of iron and steel. The prospects for the development of further studies for systemic accumulation in the databases of documentary factual data and experimental information on the properties of metal and slag melts, as well as their further use in reduction and oxidation processes of metallurgical production, are determined.
The aim of the work is to develop physicochemical bases for predicting the technological properties of finite blast furnace slags, algorithmic and software for the subsystem for diagnosing the slag regime of blast furnace smelting. Based on experimental data on the properties of natural finite blast furnace slags, predictive models for calculating the viscosity of the final slag at a temperature of 1400-1550 °C were improved by including in the model structure an integrated slag melt index of the parameter Δe, which reflects the individual effect. Using the integral parameters of the slag melt characterizing the charge state of the system Δe and the structure of the slag ρ, an equation was developed to determine the viscosity of the slag at any temperature corresponding to the slag temperature at the cast iron outlet. As a result of analytical research, a predictive model for determining the enthalpy of slag depending on the integral parameters Δe and ρ and the temperature of the melt has been developed. It is shown that the viscosity characterizes the fluidity of the slag and provides desulfurizing and drainage properties. The calculation of the viscosity for the specified production of pig iron by the chemical composition of the slag is carried out according to the basic model of slag in a conditionally "homogeneous" state and taking into account its heterogeneity. This takes into account the presence of macroheterogeneous inclusions formed when using coke with low strength characteristics and due to incomplete combustion of pulverized coal fuel in the blast furnace. The improved models for evaluating the viscosity and enthalpy of the final slag are software implemented in the new version of the «Slag» system for operational control of the slag mode of blast furnaces in Ukraine. Rapid assessment of the slag mode using the «Slag» system as part of the DCS allows you to effectively and at a modern level solve the problems of optimizing the slag mode and the quality of pig iron in modern conditions of blast furnace smelting.
The aim of the work is to establish patterns of influence of the chemical composition of blast-furnace slags on the thermophysical properties of their melts, which is relevant to ensure high technical and economic indicators of the blast furnace. Experimental studies of the temperature of molten iron and slag at their release from a blast furnace with a volume of 1500 m3 have been carried out. It is shown that the temperatures of iron and slag have almost identical values and vary in the range of 1451÷14870С. On a Anton Paar rotary rheometer, viscosity measurements were made in the temperature range of 1320 ÷ 15000С and it was shown that the viscosity of slags from the blast furnace output exceeds its optimal value of 0.3 Pa.second. Based on the correlation-regression analysis of the literature data and the performed experimental studies, the enthalpy of the melts was determined as a function of the chemical composition of blast-furnace slags, which are represented through stoichiometry (ρ) and temperature. It is shown that when temperature fluctuations of slag melts in the range of 1453 ÷ 14870С their enthalpy changes in the range of 1933÷2031 kJ/kg. A predictive model for calculating the enthalpy of blast-furnace slags is proposed. On the basis of the proposed predictive model, the enthalpy of blast furnace slags for a blast furnace with a volume of 1500 m3 was calculated taking into account their actual temperatures at the outlet.
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