The difference in the crystal structure and growth kinetics of microtubes formed from l- and d-enantiomers of diphenylalanine dipeptide is investigated both experimentally and theoretically by computer simulation. The microtubes of l- and d-enantiomers grown simultaneously and under identical experimental conditions possess different crystallographic space groups, have essential difference in sizes, and demonstrate different growth kinetics. Computer simulation by molecular mechanics methods revealed a fundamental difference in the interaction between structural units of microtubes of different chiralities. A model describing chirality-dependent growth of microtubes is proposed.

Acylative kinetic resolution of racemic amines occupies a highly important place among the methods for preparation of enantio enriched or pure amines. Nonenzymatic acylative kinetic resolution is usually carried out in the presence of chiral acyl‐transfer catalysts or under the action of chiral enantio‐ or diastereoselective resolving agents. Recently, this line of investigations has been rapidly developed and very interesting results of design and synthetic application of both new catalysts and chiral acylating agents have been obtained. This microreview summarizes the recent advances in this area.

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A series of ribo‐ and deoxyribonucleosides bearing 2‐aminopurine as a nucleobase with 7,8‐difluoro‐ 3,4‐dihydro‐3‐methyl‐2H‐[1,4]benzoxazine (conjugated directly or through an aminohexanoyl spacer) was synthesized using an enzymatic transglycosylation reaction. Nucleosides 3‐6 were resistant to deamination under action of adenosine deaminase (ADA) Escherichia coli and ADA from calf intestine. The antiviral activity of the modified nucleosides was evaluated against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV‐1, strain L2). It has been shown that at sub‐toxic concentrations, nucleoside (S)‐4‐[2‐amino‐9‐(β‐D‐ribofuranosyl)‐purin‐6‐yl]‐7,8‐difluoro‐3,4‐dihydro‐3‐methyl‐2H‐[1,4]benzoxazine exhibit significant antiviral activity (SI > 32) on the model of HSV‐1 in vitro, including an acyclovir‐resistant virus strain (HSV‐1, strain L2/R).

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Novel conjugates of 2‐aminopurine and purine containing fragments of chiral heterocyclic amines attached at position 6 of purine core via a linker, fragment of omega‐amino acid, have been synthesized and evaluated in vitro for their anti‐herpetic activity in the Vero E6 cells; as a result, a new group of compounds possessing high inhibitory activity against herpes simplex virus type 1, including acyclovir‐resistant (TK–) strain has been revealed. The anti‐herpetic activity of the synthesized compounds is substantially dependent on the stereo configuration of the fragment of heterocyclic amine.

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