PCa is found on autopsy in a similar proportion of Russian and Japanese men. More than 50% of cancers in ASI and nearly 25% of cancers in CAU men have a GS of 7 or greater. Our results suggest that the definition of clinically insignificant PCa might be worth re-examining.

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IntroductionTo evaluate the rates of complications of pelvic organ prolapse repair and to determine their risk factors.Material and methodsThe study included 677 patients operated for pelvic organ prolapse with trocar guided Prolift mesh. Patients were followed up within 1 and 3 months. A phone interview was conducted and patients with complaints were invited and evaluated in office settings.ResultsMean age was 60 years. For the phone interview, 86.5% of patients were available. Overall complication rates were 22.5% (152/677). Fifteen patients (2.2%) developed bleeding over 500 cc; pelvic hematomas – 5.5%; perineal hematomas – 2.5%; urethral injuries – 0.3%; bladder injury in 1.6%; rectal damage in 0.7% and ureteral trauma in 0.2%.Mesh related complications included: erosions in 4.8%; vaginal synechiae – 0.3%; protrusion of mesh into the bladder – 0.15%; vesicovaginal fistula with mesh protrusion – 0.3%; mesh shrinkage – 1%; dyspareunia and pain in 2.4% cases. Pelvic abscess was found in 0.6% including one case of lethal necrotizing fasciitis. The risk factors of complications were assessed via logistic regression analysis.ConclusionsYounger age, less prominent prolapse, hematomas and concomitant hysterectomies are associated with higher risk of complications.

Due to heterogeneous multifocal nature of prostate cancer (PCa), there is currently a lack of biomarkers that stably distinguish it from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), predict clinical outcome and guide the choice of optimal treatment. In this study RNA-seq analysis was applied to formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor and matched normal tissue samples collected from Russian patients with PCa and BPH. We identified 3384 genes differentially expressed (DE) (FDR < 0.05) between tumor tissue of PCa patients and adjacent normal tissue as well as both tissue types from BPH patients. Overexpression of four of the discovered genes (ANKRD34B, NEK5, KCNG3, and PTPRT) was validated by RT-qPCR. Furthermore, the enrichment analysis of overrepresented microRNA and transcription factor (TF) recognition sites within DE genes revealed common regulatory elements of which 13 microRNAs and 53 TFs were thus linked to PCa for the first time. Moreover, 8 of these TFs (FOXJ2, GATA6, NFE2L1, NFIL3, PRRX2, TEF, EBF2 and ZBTB18) were found to be differentially expressed in this study making them not only candidate biomarkers of prostate cancer but also potential therapeutic targets.

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IntroductionThe close anatomical relationship between the skeletal and connective systems of the pelvis, neurological, and vascular structures and pelvic organs are predisposing factors for structural and functional damages of the urogenital system.Materials and methodsWe performed PUBMED and MEDLINE search using terms “pelvic ring trauma/disruption, bladder injury, urethral injury, sexual dysfunction”.ResultsThe probability of damage of the pelvic organs increases along with the degree of disturbance of integrity of the pelvic ring. The most important risk factor of urogenital injuries is the rupture of the symphyseal joint. Patients with lesions of the urogenital system have a higher risk of mortality compared with patients without lesions of the urogenital system. Sexual dysfunctions along with urinary incontinence are a common consequence of the pelvic fracture in men and women.ConclusionsInjuries of the urogenital organs during pelvic ring fractures have an important negative prognostic value in terms of morbidity and quality of life. A prerequisite for a successful therapeutic outcome in case of pelvic fractures with disturbance of pelvic ring integrity is cooperation of orthopedists and urologists, with possible early diagnosis and treatment of injuries of the urogenital organs.