We evaluated the effect of adrenaline when added to lidocaine in infraclavicular brachial plexus blocks on human skin microcirculation (nutritive and subpapillary) and systemic cardiovascular variables. Twelve healthy, non-smoking, male volunteers were included, each attending two study sessions two weeks apart, with a crossover design. In both sessions, they received an ultrasoundguided infraclavicular brachial plexus block in the non-dominant arm with 0.4 ml.kg -1 lidocaine 15 mg.ml -1 with or without adrenaline 5 µg.ml -1 . Microcirculation was assessed by laser Doppler fluxmetri (subpapillary blood flow), capillary video microscopy (nutritive blood flow), and continuous temperature measurements. Heart rate and arterial pressure were recorded continuously and noninvasively. Median (IQR [range]) subpapillary blood flow increased substantially 30 minutes after the brachial plexus block, from 8.
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