Aim To evaluate the efficacy of a new antibiotic-coated (rifampicin + monocycline) penile prosthesis in prevention of bacterial adhesion and reduction of penile prosthesis infection. Methods In a retrospective analysis of medical records of men who had undergone implantation of American Medical Systems (AMS) inflatable penile prostheses between July 1990 and November 2003, we compared patients with AMS antibiotic-coated prostheses and patients with AMS nonantibiotic-coated prostheses. A total of 152 men aged from 27 to 79 years with erectile dysfunction underwent implantation of the AMS inflatable penile prosthesis. Fifty-eight patients received the antibiotic-coated prosthesis between July 2001 and November 2003, and 94 patients received the nonantibiotic-coated prosthesis between July 1990 and June 2001. Results In most cases infection was present; it was detected 1–2 days or up to 3–6 months after implantation. Complications including infection, which required surgical intervention, were observed in 15 patients of the nonantibiotic-coated prosthesis group (three reoperations for infection), and  noninfection-related  failure  in  five  patients  of  the  antibiotic-coated  prosthesis  group.  In the nonantibiotic-coated prosthesis group of patients, time to infection ranged from 1 day to 6 months (mean 3.5 months). The antibiotic-coated prosthesis group of patients immediately after surgery and during the short- and intermediate-term follow-up had no infection of the penile prosthesis. Conclusions We suggest that the antibiotic locally delivered from the prosthesis coating might be an effective supplement for prevention of prosthesis-related infection in penile prosthesis surgery.

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