Moscow SUMMARY S o l i d -s t a t e c a t a l y t i c r e a c t i o n s p r o v i d e a new e f f e c t i v e method f o r t h e s y n t h e s i s of t r i t i u m -l a b e l l e d b i o l o g i c a l l y a c t i v e compounds. We p r e s e n t t h e s y n t h e s i s of t r i t i u m -l a b e l l e d amino a c i d s t h r o u g h h i g h -t e m p e r a t u r e s o l i d -s t a t e c a t a l y t i c i s o t o p e exchange (HSCIE). Under HSCIE, i s o t o p e exchange w i t h g a s e o u s t r i t i u m w a s shown t o proceed a t a l l hydrogen atoms i n t h e molecules of s o l i d o r g a n i c compounds, which opens t h e p o s s i b i l i t y of producing b i o l o g i c a l l y a c t i v e compounds u n i f o r m l y l a b e l l e d w i t h t r i t i u m a t high molar a c t i v i t y . The c o n f i g u r a t i o n i s r e t a i n e d upon t h e hydrogen atom s u b s t i t u t i o n a t asymmetrical carbon atoms under
A neighborhood for d-dimensional cellular automata is introduced that spans the range from von Neumann's to Moore's neighborhood using a parameter which represents the dimension of hypercubes connecting neighboring cells. The neighborhood is extended to include a concept of radius. The number of neighbors is calculated. For diamondshaped neighborhoods, a sequence is obtained whose partial sums equal Delannoy numbers.
A composition and analysis technique was developed for investigation of infinite Petri nets with regular structure, introduced for modeling networks, clusters and computing grids, that also concerns cellular automata and biological systems. A case study of a square grid structure composition and analysis is presented. Parametric description of Petri nets, parametric representation of infinite systems for the calculation of place/transition invariants, and solving them in parametric form allowed the invariance proof for infinite Petri net models. Complex deadlocks were disclosed and a possibility of network blocking via ill-intentioned traffic revealed.
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