The article deals with the problem development of anticipation as a psychological factor of ensuring individual's security. The developed anticipation enables an individual to forecast the results of his activities aimed at ensuring security, which may be a source of direction and self-regulation of the activity undertaken. The object is to substantiate theoretical and methodological foundations of development of anticipation in an individual as a psychological factor ensuring security. Work methods are: theoretical analysis of literature on the subject of development of anticipation; a psycho-pedagogical experiment, including tests of anticipation training; testing by means of the Peisakhov method "Ability of self-regulation". The research results were substantiation of theoretical prerequisites for development of anticipation in future psychologists in the context of fostering skills of ensuring social security in them; substantiation of efficient imitational forms of training in the development of an ability of self-regulation as a manifestation of anticipation. The results of the study show that initially the students demonstrated low results, not higher than level 2 (a level below a medium one). In the process of introduction of the above said training, the students demonstrated a high result in all indicators: levels 4 and 5 (levels above medium and high). The sphere of application of results is the system of higher education.
Today, the psychological science and practice face the task of singling out and systematizing the social risk factors, emerging either at the level of society in general and its specific subsystems (an organization, a working group) or at the level of an individual person in terms of his behavior and lifestyle. Security of a socio-professional group presents as such a condition of social work environment that does not disturb the psychological prerequisites of integrity of the subjects of labor, their adaptability and development. This research aims to substantiate the indicators of psychological security of the staff.The object of the study is a socio-professional group of educational organizations. The authors single out the following psychological indicators of security of a socio-professional group: managerial competence of the executive body; optimum psychological climate; corporate identity, referential significance of professional environment and positive group motivation. The study showed credibly correlative connections between the style of management in an educational establishment (democratic or authoritarian), psychological atmosphere and collective motivation. The study showed that in an educational establishment with a democratic style of management, the employees feel more psychologically secure as compared with employees at an establishment, run in an authoritarian fashion.A tough position of a leader causes the employees' anxiety, which renders the psychological atmosphere unfavorable. In conditions of authoritarian management, the employees share the values and motives of their group less compared to the employees operating in a democratic atmosphere.
The article is devoted to the problematic form and pressure of the public opinion. Basic attention is the theoretical aspects of understanding of public opinion as the legal and social phenomenon, as exactly due to a presence or absence of foregoing institute of civil society it is possible to talk about the state and level of democratization of society, taking into account active introduction of processes that provide access and participation of citizens in life of the state. A self concept «public opinion» though has the generalized interpretation and interpretation in a modern kind, however during all way of forming tested quite a bit transformations and modifications. The presence of different conceptions to understanding of the phenomenon of public opinion is first of all explained variety of looks to influence of actors on the origin of public opinion. Scientists in the doctrine of sociology and legal sciences examine public opinion as phenomenon of mass consciousness that has elemental character, a social institute, a social regulator, that brings in the effective contribution to the decisions of question, that touch activity of the state. For today three basic going was formed near understanding of public opinion as social and legal phenomenon – morally-normative that was based on public publicity and openness, approach, that was based not on subject composition, but on thematic, denying here influence of mass character on the process of forming of public opinion and approach demoscopy is fixed in basis of that – research the key aspect of that is realization of analysis of public opinion on the basis of quantitative data. The classic going near understanding of public opinion from the point of view of her nature is conception of V. Lipman, in basis of that influence of environment of existence of individual is fixed on the process of forming of public opinion. In this theory attention is accented on that a human is clearly limited to in informative space the capacity for perception of information, and that is why can not grasp her fully, however this factor plays role of positive factor of forming of public opinion, as it gives an opportunity more deep knowledge in certain industry, creating more organized public opinion that does not limit opinion of every individual here. As well as on any institute of direct democracy on public opinion certain functions – expressive, consultative, directive functions. Due to realization of foregoing functions public opinion there is cooperating of public with organs by the state of power, that it is counted on formation of original symbiosis, the aim of that is creation of positive terms for life of citizens, increase of level of democratization in society, to improve quality and efficiency of realization of the functions fixed on them power within the framework of legislation.
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