Machining processes of cast iron parts are accompanied by significant noise and vibration. Exceeding the standard values of vibration and noise adversely affects the health of the operator and reduces the quality of the final product. The article deals with the scientific problem associated with the study of the causes of increased vibrations and noise during the milling of cast iron products. It has been experimentally shown that the existing ones create increased sound pressure in the range from 250 to 8000 Hz, while the sound pressure level reaches 80-92 dBa, which is 15-20 dBa higher than the maximum allowable. In the higher frequency part of the spectrum, the decrease in the intensity of sound radiation is from 4 to 7 dB per octave. The data obtained are the initial information for the calculation of noise reduction systems, based on compliance with sanitary standards. To simplify engineering calculations, vibrational energy loss coefficients for cast iron solid and hollow products are given.
The operation of belt grinding machines is usually accompanied by a significant level of noise and vibration, which adversely affect the health of operators and the accuracy of processing the final product. It is known that in the woodworking industry there is an increased risk of myocardial infarction due to significant noise in the workplace. The purpose of the article is a theoretical analysis of the occurrence of noise and vibrations of belt grinding machines and the construction of appropriate mathematical models. The influence of various noise sources in the machines under consideration was analyzed: electric motors, belt drives, grinding belts, axes of cutting units, and workpieces being ground. The solution of the vibration equations of the tape and the workpiece made it possible to obtain an analytical solution for the vibroacoustic characteristics. The obtained solutions are in satisfactory agreement with the experimental data and allow the design to develop engineering solutions that reduce the sound pressure level.
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