This paper addresses scenarios and security issues when migrating SCADA systems to cloud and fog environments. Migration strategies to the cloud refer to different cloud infrastructures (public, private or hybrid) as well as selection of cloud service. Benefits of cloud-based SCADA systems mainly refer to improving economic efficiency. We further address migration risks, with regards to quality of service and cyber security. Challenges in security provisioning encompass security solutions, risk management and test environment. Finally, we address emerging evolution of SCADA toward fog computing, including the three-tier system's architecture and security issues.
The paper presents a blueprint of a simulation model and structures the processing of information that sensors in real life would provide to improve the efficiency of the cooling system and increase the thermal comfort of occupants in an outdoor environment. It outlines an evidence-based technique for evaluating perceived benefits that would arise from the introduction of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and Computational Techniques (CTs) to evaporative cooling systems. The initial results indicate how data that would be gathered by sensory devices on occupancy and microclimatic conditions can be employed for the prediction and optimisation of the system to narrow the time gap between peak usage and nozzle activation to minimise resource use and maximise occupants' comfort. The larger objective of the study to help mitigate the effects of rising temperatures in urban environments and support the future use of outdoor public spaces. In the longer run, the study aims to explore the role of computationally enhanced microclimate control at a large scale, integral to innovative approaches to outdoor public spaces design.
The paper describes in vitro model for the evaluation of ability of peach shell (unmodified and modified), prepared at the Institute for Technology of Nuclear and Other Mineral Raw Materials, Belgrade, to adsorb different mycotoxins. Peach stones were obtained from “Vino Župa” Company from Aleksandrovac, where they have been disposed of as by-products from their Juice Factory. After proper preparation, two sorts of peach shell particles were used: one as unmodified peach shell particles (PS) and another one obtained by acid modification, denoted as MPS. Adsorption of six mycotoxins: aflatoxin B1 (AFL), ochratoxin A (OTA), deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZON), diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS) and T-2 toxin by PS and MPS was tested in vitro. Crude extracts of mycotoxins, produced at the Department of Microbiology of Bio-ecological Center, Zrenjanin, were used for adsorption experiments. The ability of binding mycotoxins was evaluated in the electrolyte 0.1 M K2HPO4, which pH value was adjusted to 3.0 and 7.0, respectively. Mass ratio of individual mycotoxin and peach shell samples was 1:5000. The experimental mixtures were incubated for 1 hour on a rotary shaker (185 rpm) at room temperature (22-25ºC). After incubation, the extractions of non-adsorbed mycotoxins from the filtrates were performed with organic solvents, and their quantification was done by thin-layer chromatography (TLC). [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TR 31003: Development of technologies and products based on mineral raw materials and waste biomass for protection of natural resources for safe food production i br. TR 31023: Reduction of toxigenic Fusarium species and their mycotoxins in production of safe cereal-based foods
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