Menipisnya cadangan minyak bumi diperlukan langkah alternatif untuk menghemat cadangan minyak bumi. Mesin bensin empat langkah adalah kendaraan yang menggunakan minyak bumi sebagai bahan bakar utama. Untuk menghemat bahan bakar minyak secara efisien, maka perlu dilakukan pemilihan jenis bahan bakar dan busi. Penggunaan bahan bakar dan busi yang tidak tepat pada mesin dapat menyebabkan konsumsi bahan bakar menjadi boros. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui jarak yang dapat ditempuh kendaraan. Pengujian dilakukan dengan memvariasikan jenis bahan bakar dan busi. Bahan bakar menggunakan jenis premium, pertalite dan pertamax. Sedangkan busi yang digunakan adalah jenis standar dan iridium. Pertamax lebih menghemat konsumsi bahan bakar jika dibandingkan dengan premium dan pertalite. Penggunaan pertamax mampu menempuh jarak terjauh dengan rata-rata jarak tempuh 20,4 km. Sedangkan busi iridium mampu menempuh jarak terjauh 20,6 km.
The amount of fossil energy reserves, especially fuel oil, which is dwindling, is the main focus for finding alternative energy sources. One of the most popular renewable energies today is biodiesel. Biodiesel can be obtained from free fatty acids from plants. One type of plant that can produce biodiesel as a raw material is kepuh (Sterculia foetida). The kepuh plant produces crude oil through fruit seeds which can be processed into biodiesel. However, biodiesel has a high viscosity value that affects the combustion reaction. Therefore we need an additive, namely ethanol to accelerate the combustion reaction. This study aims to determine the effect of the composition of ethanol in biodiesel on the characteristics of diffusion combustion. The research method used is the combustion diffusion test. The variables used in this study were the composition of biodiesel and ethanol. The composition of ethanol is 0%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%. The test results produce data that ethanol has an effect on the rate of diffusion of combustion and flame height. The combustion rate increases with the addition of ethanol and the flame height decreases with the addition of ethanol.
Biogas is an alternative energy source that could solve two problems at once, the problem of environmentally friendly energy needs and the problem of waste treatment. One of the sources of biogas is obtained from anaerobic bacterial fermentation of cow dung waste. The biogas fermentation process produces impurities such as carbon dioxide (CO2) as a combustion inhibitor. Carbon dioxide will inhibit the combustion reaction, resulting in incomplete combustion. The biogas purification process is needed to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide in the biogas. The purification process is carried out using an absorbent compound of calcium oxide (CaO) to bind carbon dioxide contained in the biogas. Thus, the purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the biogas purification process using calcium oxide on the characteristics of the diffusion flame produced by combustion. The research was conducted experimentally using the physicochemical-absorption method of purification by flowing biogas through a purificator device that contained a purification solution. After passing through the purification solution, the biogas was regulated at a fuel flow rate of 3 liters/min and then proceed to the bunsen burner. The results showed that purification affected increasing the characteristics of the diffusion flame combustion due to the reduced amount of carbon dioxide in the biogas. This is indicated by increasing the purification molarity, it also increases the flame speed of combustion and the flame angle, as well as a decrease in the flame height.
Abstrak Limbah pertanian memiliki banyak manfaat, salah satunya adalah sekam padi. Saat ini sekam padi masih dimanfaatkan sebagai pupuk, briket dan katul, namun pemanfaatan sebagai insektisida masih jarang digunakan. Salah satu insektisida organik dapat diperoleh dari limbah sekam padi berupa asap cair. Asap cair diperoleh dengan metode pirolisis dengan cara menguraikan senyawa organik yang terdapat pada sekam padi. Tim Teknik Mesin Universitas Panca Marga melakukan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat berupa pelatihan pembuatan alat pirolisis dengan bahan limbah sekam padi sebagai salah satu bentuk implementasi Tridarma Perguruan Tinggi. Hasil yang diperoleh dari kegiatan ini peserta dapat menambah ilmu pengetahuan tentang cara pembuatan alat, proses produksi asap cair dan manfaat produk bagi pertanian serta pendapatan tambahan dengan cara menjual produk asap cair melalui marketplace atau media sosial.
The fuel demand is very important in this day. The higher fuel consumption was impact depletion of existing reserves of oil resources. Bioethanol is one of the energy conversions from biomass containing sugar, starch and cellulose become fuel. Bagasse is a solid waste containing a lignocellulotic substrate which has the potential for bioethanol production. The purpose of this experiment was to determine the flame characteristics of the composition of the addition bioethanol to Pertamax as a mixture, with a variety of mixtures (B0, B5, B10 and B15). The test was carried out using the premix combustion method. The data from the result experiment were analyzed using descriptive methods. The results of the experiment showed that the addition of bioethanol can affect the flame characteristics. The shape of the flame changes from a conical shape to an enlarged cone angle along with the addition of a percentage. The flame height has decreased, the highest flame is at B0 with value of 12.79 mm, the lowest flame height is at B15 with value 10.27 mm. Combustion velocity has increased, the highest velocity is at B15 with value of 32.753 cm/s and the lowest velocity is at B0 with value of 22.253 cm/s.
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