L'article comprend deux parties. La première aborde quelques aspects de la profonde déstructuration des campagnes et les causes récentes : les séquelles durables de la guerre et surtout les répercussions de l'accélération de l'industrialisation dans certaines régions. La seconde partie est consacrée aux efforts de res- truction en cours dans le cadre de l'application de la révolution agraire. Ce sont les principaux aspects de ce programme qui sont analysés : la généralisation des coopératives de production et de services dans les régions telliennes, en vue de la transformation des rapports existants. Le problème des steppes est également abordé avec notamment la construction du barrage vert.
A study of densities (fifty-three to a hundred inhabitants and sometimes more by the kilometer) compared with the scarcity and poorness of eroded and deforested soils in a mediterranean mountain clearly shows the severe overpopulation in the central area of « Ouarsenis ». In the ancient communes and in their «douars» which are, often in the year, cut off from the rest of Algeria, mortality rates which are quite inferior (about 10% ) to the national algerian average can be noted • on the contrary birth rates are quite high (more than 50%). But emigration that has suddenly increased these last years, regularly deprives these areas of their inhabitants, in spite of very high natural crude rate of population growth. Besides, the unemployment of « fellahs » fab out fifty per cent -50% of the male population in the working ages is practically unemployed), the very low rate of « scolarisation »(12% - 38%), the profound isolation of this population are as many charastical features to be found there.
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