AbstrakPerilaku seksual pranikah yang tinggi pada remaja disebabkan oleh faktor personal seperti pengetahuan kesehatan seksual, Infeksi Menular Seksual (IMS) dan HIV / AIDS, sikap terhadap seksualitas, harga diri dan efikasi diri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh faktor personal seperti pengetahuan tentang kesehatan seksual, IMS dan HIV / AIDS, sikap, harga diri dan efikasi diri terhadap perilaku seksual pranikah pada remaja di Kota Kendari yang diukur melalui kuesioner dan wawancara mendalam. Desain penelitian adalah studi potong lintang dengan jumlah sampel 200 remaja yang berasal dari empat sekolah negeri di Kota Kendari mulai dari Agustus sampai dengan Oktober 2014. Analisis regresi logistik menunjukan bahwa remaja yang memiliki pengetahuan yang rendah tentang kesehatan seksual, IMS dan HIV / AIDS berisiko sebesar 4,28 kali, sikap permisif terhadap seksualitas berisiko 5 kali, harga diri rendah berisiko sebesar 3,3 kali dan efikasi diri rendah sebesar 2,5 kali untuk melakukan perilaku seksual pranikah berisiko. Analisis kualitatif menunjukan variabel sikap sebagai faktor yang memberikan risiko terbesar di dalam berperilaku seksual pranikah yang berisiko pada remaja. Kata kunci: Personal, perilaku seksual pranikah, remaja Abstract High premarital sexual behavior among teenagers are caused by personal factors, such as health sexual knowledge, Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) and HIV / AIDS, attitudes towards sexuality, self-esteem and self-efficacy. This study aimed to find out the influence of personal factor to premarital sexual behavior among teenagers in the Kendari City as assessed through questionnaires and in-depth interviews.The study design was cross-sectional study with a sample of 200 adolescents from four public schools in Kendari City from August to October 2015. Logistic regression analysis showed teenagers having lack of knowledge of sexual health, STIs and HIV / AIDS had 4.28 times risk having permissive attitude toward sexuality had 5 times risk, having low self-esteem had 3.3 times risk and having low self-efficacy had 2.5 times to perform premarital sexual behavior. Qualitative analysis showed that attitude variable was the factor giving the biggest risk in risky premarital sexual behavior among teenagers. Keywords : Personal, premarital sexual behavior, teenagers PendahuluanSurvei Demografi Kesehatan Indonesia-Kesehatan Reproduksi (SDKI-KR) tahun 2012 melaporkan bahwa dari 100 perempuan berusia 15 _ 24 tahun, perempuan yang mengaku setuju dengan perilaku seksual pranikah sebesar 16,9%. Sedangkan untuk laki-laki, dari 817 orang, yang mengaku setuju dengan perilaku tersebut sebesar 45,5%. 1 Data SDKI tahun 2007 di Kendari mencatat 13,3% remaja usia 15 _ 19 tahun yang disurvei mengaku melakukan hubungan seks pertama kali pada usia 15 tahun. Pada tahun 2008, BKKBN Sulawesi Tenggara mencatat 60% responden remaja yang disurvei dan belum menikah mengaku pernah melakukan aborsi, baik disengaja maupun spontan (keguguran) saat mengalami kehamilan yang tidak diinginkan (KTD). 2...
Cakupan pemberian air susu ibu (ASI) eksklusif di Kota Pagar Alam, tahun 2011 sekitar 43% tergolong rendah. Sebaliknya, pemberian susu formula meningkat tiga kali lipat dari 10,3% menjadi 32,5%. Iklan susu formula telah menyentuh bidan swasta dan puskesmas melalui pendekatan produsen susu formula dan pemberian susu formula secara gratis kepada ibu menyusui. Penelitian yang bertujuan mengetahui determinan kegagalan praktik pemberiaan ASI eksklusif di Kota Pagar Alam Provinsi Sumatera Selatan ini menggunakan desain studi unmatching kasus kontrol. Populasi adalah seluruh ibu yang mempunyai bayi berusia 7 _ 12 bulan. Penarikan sampel dilakukan dengan metode proportional random sampling. Variabel terikat praktik adalah pemberian ASI eksklusif, variabel bebas adalah pemberian sampel susu formula. Ibu yang mendapat sampel susu formula dan yang tidak mendapat dukungan tenaga kesehatan berisiko 3,67 dan 4,2 kali lebih besar untuk tidak memberikan ASI eksklusif.The coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in the City of Pagar Alam in 2011 was by 43%. Advertising of infant formula has reached privately practicing midwives or health centers. The approach from infant formula manufacturers to midwives in health centers is by providing free milk formula to nursing mothers to be distributed under the pretext of promotion. The objective of this study is to analyze the determinants of exclusive breastfeeding practice failures in the City of Pagar Alam of South Sumatra Province. The population study with an unmatched case-control design was conducted in the City of Pagar Alam. The population was all breastfeeding mothers who had babies in the city of Pagar Alam of South Sumatra Province. The research subjects are breastfeeding mothers who had babies aged 7 - 12 months who selected with proportional random sampling method. The variables of the study included the dependent variable, i.e, the practice of exclusive breastfeeding, the independent variable, i.e, promotion of free milk formula samples. The risk of not exclusively breast feeding amang mothers who had accepted formula milk samples and who absence of support posed by health workers is 3.67 and 4.20 times higher the mothers who had not accepted the formula milk sample and who absence of support posed by heath worker.
Background: The 2002-2003 IDHS shows that the presentation of breastfeeding within an hour after birth or early initiation in Indonesia is still low (38%). According to some studies, early initiation plays an important role in reducing infant mortality rate, determining the success of exclusive breastfeeding, preventing pre-lactation feeding, creating more intensive bonding between mother and baby. Some earlier studies state that delivery methods are related with early initiation. However, there have been some studies whose results are in contrast with those previous studies.Objective: To study the relationship between delivery methods and early initiation in Dr. Sardjito hospital, Yogyakarta.Method: This was an observational study with a cross-sectional study design through quantitative and qualitative approaches. Samples were postpartum women in Dr. Sardjito hospital as many as 100 respondents. Data were analyzed with univariable analysis using frequency distribution table, bivariable analysis using chi-square, and multivariable analysis using binary regression.Results: The proportion of early initiation of breastfeeding was three times greater in women who gave birth with normal delivery methods than women who gave birth with cesarean section (RR=3.1; 95% CI=1.42-6.89). Another factor that was related with early initiation of breastfeding was the support from health providers (RR=2.3; 95% CI=1.36-3.78). Meanwhile, women’s age, knowledge, parity, economic status, and mother’s disease were insignifcantly related with early initiation.Conclusion: The proportion of early initiation of breastfeeding was three times greater in women who gave birth with normal delivery methods than women who gave birth with cesarean section. Another factor that was related with early initiation of breastfeeding was the support from health providers. Meanwhile, women’s age, knowledge, parity, economic status, and disease were insignifcantly related with early initiation of breastfeeding.
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