The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the growth and development of maize (Zea mays) in a greenhouse at the University of Bangui for three months under controlled conditions. Data collection was done at 30, 60 and 90 days after sowing (DAS) for growth parameters (plant height, crown diameter, number of leaves) and above-ground, root and total biomass were evaluated at 60 and 90 DAS. According to the results of this study, height growth showed a significant (P < 0.05) improvement of 106.7 cm when plants were inoculated with Gigaspora rosea. The treatment with the composite (G2+G3) showed higher diameter (15.50 mm), followed by the Acaulospora laevis strain with a diameter of 14.77 mm. The highest biomass values were obtained with the G4 mix strain (322.95 g for total biomass at 60 DAS and 535.44 g for total biomass at 90 DAS). From this study, it is evident that mycorrhizal fungi biofertilizers provide significant benefits to the plant, and can be used to improve corn growth and yield. Thus, this study could be further developed in the field.
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Le manioc (Manihot esculenta Crantz) est une plante pluriannuelle cultivée dans les régions tropicales de la plupart des pays d’Afrique, d’Asie et d’Amérique Latine. Il contribue fortement à la sécurité alimentaire. L’objectif de cette étude est d’analyser le comportement des polyphénoloxydases (PPO), de la peroxydase (POX) et des composés phénoliques chez trois variétés de manioc au cours de leur induction au Benzo (1,2,3) thiadiazol-7-carbothionic acid-s-methyl ester (BTH) vis-à-vis de C. gloeosporioides. L’induction de résistance a été évaluée par des PPO , de la POX et de la teneur en composés phénoliques totaux solubles accumulés avant et après l’inoculation (I) par C. gloeosporioides, la stimulation (St) par BTH et de la stimulation suivie de l’inoculation (St+I). Avec les différents traitements, on note une augmentation progressive et significative (p<0,05) de l’activité de ces enzymes et des teneurs en phénols dans les feuilles et les tiges chez les trois variétés. Ces résultats montrent bien que le BTH stimule les mécanismes de défenses des plantes de manioc, bien que ces mécanismes diffèrent en fonction des variétés.
English title: Evaluation of polyphenoloxidase and peroxidase activities and accumulation of phenolic compounds in the resistance of stimulated cassava to Benzo (1,2,3) thiadiazol-7-carbothionic acid-s-methyl ester against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz.
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a perennia plant cultivated in the tropical regions of most countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America. It contributes strongly to food security. The aim of this study was to analyze the behavior of polyphenoloxidases (PPO), peroxidase (POX) and phenolic compounds in three cassava varieties during their induction to Benzo (1,2,3) thiadiazol-7-carbothionic acid-s-methyl ester (BTH) against C. gloeosporioides. Resistance induction was evaluated by PPO, POX and total soluble phenolic compounds content accumulated before and after inoculation (I) with C. gloeosporioides, stimulation (St) with BTH and stimulation followed by inoculation (St+I). With the different treatments, there was a progressive and significant (p<0.05) increase in the activity of these enzymes and in the phenol contents in the leaves and stems of the three varieties. These results show that BTH stimulates the defense mechanisms of cassava plants, although these mechanisms differ according to the varieties.
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