ABSTRACT.We assessed the agroindustrial performance of 25 sugarcane genotypes adapted to the edaphoclimatic conditions of the State of Pernambuco, Brazil, within the microregions Mata Norte, Mata Sul, Região Central, Litoral Norte, and Litoral Sul. The variables analyzed were POL tonnage per hectare, sugarcane tonnage per hectare, fiber and total recoverable sugar tonnage per hectare, using a randomized block design with four repetitions. Combined variance of experiments, genetic parameter estimates, decomposition of the genotype-environment interaction, and environment stratification were analyzed. Phenotype adaptability and stability were also analyzed. The various genotypes presented great potential for improvement and a similar response pattern to the microregions Centro and Mata Sul of the state of Pernambuco. Genotypes RB863129, RB867515, RB92579, RB953180, SP81-3250, RB75126, and RB942520 were better in productivity and phenotype
Many researches have performed on gypsum application to correct high exchangeable aluminum content in acidic soils, especially in subsurface. Although, they have found increases in the exchangeable calcium and sulfur contents, exchangeable aluminum has not been decreased. The exchangeable aluminum buffering by organic matter may contribute to non-significant reduction in exchangeable acidity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of mineral gypsum on the aluminum compartments of Hardsetting Ultisol and monitor the capacity of gypsum to provide exchangeable calcium and sulfur in subsurface. Increasing amounts of mineral gypsum (0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 Mg ha -1 ) were applied with broadcast at the field. The experimental design consisted of randomized block with four replicates. Aluminum compartments (Al-organic matter, Al-amorphous and Alcrystalline) were evaluated at 0 and 15 days after gypsum application and the exchangeable calcium and sulfur contents were evaluated at 0, 15, 64 and 90 days. The evaluations were performed in three different layers. Gypsum application increased the exchangeable calcium and sulfur contents in subsurface and did not reduce the exchangeable aluminum content. Al-organic matter in the surface layers decreased along the incubation time and application gypsum. Al-amorphous in the subsurface layers increased with the increased amounts of gypsum. Al-crystalline decreased as soil depth increased. The exchangeable aluminum buffering in surface layers was performed by Al-organic matter and, in subsurface, by Al-crystalline.
This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of red rot, brown leaf spot, and smut in ten sugarcane genotypes during two consecutive cycles, in the absence and presence of limestone. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks with four replications, in the presence and absence of liming in the following sugarcane genotypes: G1 (RB002754), G2 (RB021754), G3 (RB041443), G4 (RB863129), G5 (RB93509), G6 (RB951541), G7 (RB962962), G8 (RB992506), G9 (SP79-1011), and G10 (VAT90-212) for genotype x environment interaction. The lowest incidences of red rot were observed in G3 (RB041443), G4 (RB863129), G8 (RB992506), and G9 (SP79-1011) for plant cane, and in G3 (RB041443), G4 (RB863129), G5 (RB93509), G8 (RB992506), and G9 (SP79-1011) for ratoon. All genotypes were susceptible to Colletotrichum falcatum, but limestone reduced its incidence in G3 (RB041443), G6 (RB951541), and G10 (VAT90-212) during the first growth cycle, and in G1 (RB002754), G2 (RB021754), G5 (RB93509), G6 (RB951541), G7 (RB962962), and G10 (VAT90-212) in the ratoon crop. Liming also reduced the incidence of brown leaf spot in G4 (RB863129), G6 (RB951541), and G9 (SP79-1011) in plant cane and G6 (RB951541) and G7 (RB962962) in the ratoon crop. Only the G9 genotype (SP79-1011) showed an incidence of smut. The genotypes had different incidence levels of red rot, brown leaf spot, and smut diseases, which varied in the presence of limestone. Limestone use reduced disease incidence as a function of genotype and cutting cycle.
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