Purpose Biased perceptions of individuals who are not part of one's in-groups tend to be negative and habitual. Because health care professionals are no less susceptible to biases than are others, the adverse impact of biases on marginalized populations in health care warrants continued attention and amelioration. Method Two characters, a Syrian refugee with limited English proficiency and a black pregnant woman with a history of opioid use disorder, were developed for an online training simulation that includes an interactive life course experience focused on social determinants of health, and a clinical encounter in a community health center utilizing virtual reality immersion. Pre- and post-survey data were obtained from 158 health professionals who completed the simulation. Results Post-simulation data indicated increased feelings of compassion toward the patient and decreased expectations about how difficult future encounters with the patient would be. With respect to attribution, after the simulation participants were less inclined to view the patient as primarily responsible for their situation, suggesting less impact of the fundamental attribution error. Conclusion This training simulation aimed to utilize components of evidence-based prejudice habit breaking interventions, such as learning more about an individual's life experience to help minimize filling in gaps with stereotyped assumptions. Although training simulations cannot fully replicate or replace the advantages that come with real-world experience, they can heighten awareness in the increase of increasing the cultural sensitivity of clinicians in health care professions for improving health equity.
The application of nano material in concrete has added a new dimension to the efforts to improve its properties. Nano materials by virtue of their very small particles size can effect the concrete properties by altering the microstructure. In these study i completed a work of literature review. In the literature review I study a various nano materials used in the concrete and its effects on the properties of concrete. there are a various nano materials used in the concrete such as nano SiO2,nano Fe3O4, nano CaCo3, nano ZrO2,nano CuO, nano Fe2O3,nano TiO2 , nano ZnO2, nano Al2O3 etc. By reffered a various research paper I decided that a in these study i note down that a nano CaCo3 are improved a concrete compressive strength and durability properties and nano Fe2O3 are improve in such case flexural strength and in such a case improve the compressive strength and the durability properties. Keywords: Concrete, nano material, compressive strength, durability properties, flexural strength I. INTRODUCTIONConcrete is the most common material used in the construction. It is second most consumed material on the earth. It is a highly homogeneous material produced by mixture of finely powdered cement , aggregates of various size and water with inherent physical, chemical and mechanical properties. A reaction between the cement and water yields calcium silicate hydrate(C-S-H).which gives concrete strength and other mechanical properties of concrete as well as some by product including calcium hydroxide (C-H)gel pores. A Concrete structure are usually exposed environmental conditions. Such as that involving chlorides, which may impact the mechanical and durability properties of the reinforced concrete structure through rebar corrosion. A strong and durable concrete can be produced by improving the behaviour of cement mortar. Various mineral additives such as fly ash and silica fume have been traditionally utilise composites not only for their environmental and economic advantages, but also for their technical benefits such as the ability to fill in micro and macro voids and displaying partial binder effect. The fly ash is used in concrete industries to reduce the amount of cement and to enhance durability and mechanical properties of concrete. Many of the available studies have focused on the uses of different types of nano materials such as nano SiO2,nano Fe3O4, nano CaCo3, nano ZrO2,nano CuO, nano Fe2O3,nano TiO2 , nano ZnO2, nano Al2O3 etc Are effect on the properties of hardened cement paste, cement mortar and/ or concrete. Results of this study showed that nano particles can be very effective in improvement of both mechanical properties and durability of concrete. Nano materials are very small sized materials with particle size in nanometres. These materials are very effective in changing the properties of concrete at the ultrafine level by the virtue of their very small size. The small size of the particles also means a greater surface area . Since the rate of a pozzolanic reaction is proportional to the surf...
The application of nano material in concrete has added a new dimension to the efforts to improve its properties. Nano materials by virtue of their very small particles size can affect the concrete properties by altering the microstructure. In these study i completed a work of literature review. In the literature review I study a various nano materials used in the concrete and its effects on the properties of concrete. there are a various nano materials used in the concrete such as nano SiO2,nano Fe3O4, nano CaCo3, nano ZrO2,nano CuO, nano Fe2O3,nano TiO2 , nano ZnO2, nano Al2O3 etc. By reffered a various research paper I decided that a in these study i note down that a nano CaCo3 are improved a concrete compressive strength and durability properties and nano INTRODUCTION A Concrete structure are usually exposed environmental conditions. Such as that involving chlorides, which may impact the mechanical and durability properties of the reinforced concrete structure through rebar corrosion. A strong and durable concrete can be produced by improving the behaviour of cement mortar. Various mineral additives such as fly ash and silica fume have been traditionally utilise composites not only for their environmental and economic advantages, but also for their technical benefits such as the ability to fill in micro and macro voids and displaying partial binder effect. The fly ash is used in concrete industries to reduced the amount of cement and to enhance durability and mechanical properties of concrete. Many of the available studies have focused on the uses of different types of nano materials such as nano SiO2,nano Fe3O4, nano CaCo3, nano ZrO2,nano CuO, nano Fe2O3,nano TiO2 , nano ZnO2, nano Al2O3 etc Are effect on the properties of hardened cement paste, cement mortar and/ or concrete. Results of this study showed that nano particles can be very effective in improvement of both mechanical properties and durability of concrete. Nano materials are very small sized materials with particle size in nanometres. These materials are very effective in changing the properties of concrete at the ultrafine level by the virtue of their very small size. The small size of the particles also means a greater surface area . Since the rate of a pozzolanic reaction is proportional to the surface area available, a faster reaction can be achieved . Only a small percentage of cement can be replaced to achieve the desired results. These nano materials improve the strength and permeability of concrete by filling up the minute voids and pores in the microstructure.
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