Ethanol fermentation of dry‐fractionated grits (corn endosperm pieces) containing different levels of germ was studied with the dry‐grind process. Partial removal of the germ fraction allows for marketing the germ fraction and potentially more efficient fermentation. Grits obtained from a dry‐milling plant were mixed with different amounts of germ (2, 5, 7, and 10% germ of the total sample) and compared with control grits (0% germ). Fermentation rates of germ‐supplemented grits (2, 5, 7, and 10% germ) were faster than control grits (0% germ). Addition of 2% germ was sufficient to achieve a high ethanol concentration (19.06% v/v) compared with control grits (18.18% v/v). Fermentation of dry‐fractionated grits (92, 95, and 97% grits) obtained from a commercial facility was also compared with ground whole corn (control). Fermentation rates were slower and final ethanol concentrations were lower for commercial grits than the control sample. However, in a final experiment, commercial grits were subjected to raw starch hydrolyzing (RSH) enzyme, resulting in higher ethanol concentrations (20.22, 19.90, and 19.49% v/v for 92, 95, and 97% grits, respectively) compared with the whole corn control (18.64% v/v). Therefore, high ethanol concentrations can be achieved with dry‐fractionated grits provided the inclusion of a certain amount of germ and the use of RSH enzyme for controlled starch hydrolysis.
Two simple, sensitive, selective and accurate spectrophotometric methods (Method A and Method B) for the determination of eztimibe in bulk drug and pharmaceutical formulations (tablets) have been described. Method A and B are based on the redox/complex formation reaction of drug with 1,10-phenanthroline and hexacyanoferrate(III) in presence of ferric chloride to form coloured chromogens exhibiting λ max at 510 and 740 nm respectively. The results of analysis for the two methods have been validated statistically and by recovery studies. The results are compared with those obtained using UV spectrophotometric method in alcohol at 231.7 nm.
Concentrations of the essential amino acids, lysine and tryptophan, present in corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) are insufficient to fully meet the nutritional requirements in nonruminant feeds. Mutations known to increase lysine and tryptophan concentrations were
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