Background and objectiveDelayed cord clamping (DCC) has proven to be an ideal approach to reduce iron deficiency anemia; however, different timings of DCC relative to the birth outcome lead to conflicting results. The present study was conducted to determine the effects of different timings of DCC on the maternal and neonatal outcomes in normal vaginal deliveries at term. MethodsThis was an interventional study on neonates born at term without complications to mothers with uneventful pregnancies in the labor unit of a district hospital in Odisha, India. A total of 147 women were randomized to three intervention groups: DCC at one minute, DCC at two minutes, and DCC at three minutes. Hemoglobin and bilirubin levels, maternal blood loss, the timing of the third stage of labor, oxytocin use, and birth weight of the neonates were measured as the outcomes of different timings of DCC. ResultsAt 24-48 hours of age, hemoglobin and bilirubin levels of the neonates were significantly higher with DCC at three minutes compared to DCC at one and two minutes. However, there were no significant differences among the three groups in terms of the need for phototherapy. The duration of the third stage of labor was significantly longer with DCC at three minutes. Maternal blood loss, oxytocin use, and birth weight of the neonates were not significantly associated with the timing of DCC. ConclusionBased on our findings, waiting to clamp the umbilical cord until three minutes can effectively reduce the incidence of iron deficiency anemia in newborns.
Advances and developments in medical systems have prompted a heightening in Implantable and Wearable Medical Devices(IWMD's).IWMD's normally incorporate remote correspondence interface through which they can be associated with Body Area Network(BAN). However, the programmability and remote availability of medicinal gadgets open up open doors for malicious attackers otherwise called anomalies. Therefore, there is a need to detect anomaly which is a vital issue that has been explored inside diverse research zones and applications. In this paper, a non-invasive method or secured framework is used for detection of anomaly that fortify against Radio Frequency attacks that are wirelessly caused on the PHS's(Personal Healthcare System). The proposal is based on a medical security monitor that investigates all the radio-frequency wireless communications to/from medical devices. It identifies malicious transactions using 3 techniques viz, RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator), Password and Time Anomaly. Upon detection of an anomalous transaction, it takes suitable response actions such as jamming the commands so that they do not harm the therapeutic gadget. The performance of the system is determined by developing a prototype implementation for monitoring Lung Capacity using Spirometer along with Temperature monitoring using two Radio Peripheral boards i.e. Zigbee. Moving towards the 3rd layer of protection, proves that the system is able to obstruct all kind of attacks resulting in 100 % accuracy showing that it is an effective method to increase the security of BAN.
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