Induction motor speed control is an area of research that has been in prominence for some time now. Recent advances in this field have made it possible to replace the DC motor by induction machines, even in applications that demand a fast dynamic response. Many industrial applications demand speed sensorless operations, due to various reasons. It is also required to strictly maintain the speed of the motor within certain permissible tolerance, irrespective of the load changes that occur in the system. Unless prior knowledge of the load characteristics is known, it is very dincult to compensate for the same. Direct Torque Control (DTC) of induction motor is a popular method because of the resulting fast dynamic response of the motor, lower sensitivity to motor parameter variations and relatively low switching harmonics in the inverter. However, the present DTC approach is unsuitable for highperformunce applications because of the need of a speed sensor for increased accuracy, the absence of any error decay mechanism, and the requirement of prior knowledge of the load or disturbance characteristics. In this paper, a nonlinear observer is designed for the stator jlux, speed, and load torque estimation that will take care of the above limitations. The estimated values along with other measured states are used for the closed loop speed sensorless control operation of the induction motor. Simulations are done and the results discussed.
Abstract:A transitional grouping mode of control is introduced using microcontroller for the buck boost converter. A constant output voltage is obtained by applying a input voltage from 8V to 14V along with increase in saturation. The price, efficiency, decrease in wrinkle in the waveform and voltage across the load can be superior. By introducing combination A and B between the three modes with better transient response which reduces the distortions in the output voltage. By using all the transitional combination mode, a ripple content will be decreased and efficiency can be better in the regulated output voltage.
This paper presents simulation and hardware implementation of constant speed dc motor, using Thyristor Bridge, which operates in two quadrants. The firing angle is controlled by PID controller and is given to Thyristor Bridge which intern control the armature voltage of dc motor. Pic microcontroller PIC16F877A is used to implement PID controller. Variable resistor is used to set the speed of motor. This project is done for 0.5Kw motor. Motor gives constant speed for the variation in input voltage.Keywords: PID controller, fully controlled thruster bridge, PIC 16F877A, I.INTRODUCTION Dc motors are used in many industries, where frequent starting, reversing and braking is required. It has special characteristics, which provides precise speed control, regenerative strategy in contest of an active load for energy conversion [1]. In this project speed of the motor is controlled by controlling the armature voltage by fully controlled thyristor bridge. This provides forward motoring and regenerative braking. This is controlled by thyristor bridge and the input voltage is controlled by varying the firing angle. It is the easiest method and efficient method compared to other complicated methods. A constant speed is provided by PID controller. Proportional Integral and derivative control is extensively used due to its simplicity, stability and robustness [2]. In earlier days pid controllers were implemented using opamps. The constant Kp, Ki, Kd values are set by using resistor and capacitor. These are replaced by microcontrollers.Microchip PIC18F family has benefit of integrating large amounts of code in a single IC. All circuit values operations are written in terms of formulae and constants are can easily written in program by just by numerical values. These circuits and PID controller is prepared and tested in MATLAB and the kp, ki and kd values are tuned by trial and error method.
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