US National Institutes of Health.

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Background: Study retention is a major challenge in HIV clinical trials conducted with persons recruited from correctional facilities.Objective: To examine study retention in a trial of within-prison methadone initiation and a behavioral intervention among incarcerated men living with HIV and opioid dependence in Malaysia. Methods:In this 2×2 factorial trial, 296 incarcerated men with HIV and opioid dependence were allocated to 1) an HIV risk reduction intervention, the Holistic Health Recovery Program for Malaysia (HHRP-M), 2) pre-release methadone initiation, 3) both interventions, or 4) standard care (). Here we estimate effects of these interventions on linkage to the study after prison release and completion of post-release study visits.