The synthesis of the C 1 -N 15 fragment of the marine natural product Scleritodermin A has been accomplished through a short and stereocontrolled sequence. Highlights of this route include the synthesis of the novel ACT fragment and the formation of the α-keto amide linkage by the use of a highly activated α, β-ketonitrile. KeywordsScleritodermin A; thiazole; α-ketoamide; Wittig Marine sponges of the order Lithistida are excellent sources of bioactive metabolites. 1 They produce cyclic peptides with non-proteinogenic amino acids and polyketide moieties, such as Cyclotheonamides, 2 Oriamide, 3 and Keramamides. 4 Recently, another macrocyclic compound, Scleritodermin A (1), was isolated by Schmidt and co-workers from the sponge Scleritoderma nodosum. 5 It shows significant cytotoxic activity against a panel of human tumor cells lines (IC 50 <2 μM). The structure of Scleritodermin A incorporates a novel conjugated thiazole moiety 2-(1-amino-2-p-hydroxyphenylethane)-4-(4-carboxy-2,4-dimethyl-2Z,4E-propadiene)-thiazole (ACT), L-proline, L-serine and the unusual amino acids keto-allo-isoleucine and O-methyl-N-sulfo-D-serine.It has been suggested that the α-keto amide function of the Cyclotheonamides is involved in the deactivation of a protease. 6,7 The same function, is presented in immunosupressants such as rapamycin and In spite of such an interesting biological activity, the synthetic challenge defined by the assemblage of the thiazole ring, the polyketide chain and the α-keto amide function in the macrocycle, has not been described in the literature up to date.Our interest on the synthetic studies of marine natural products 9 stimulated us to embark upon a total synthesis of this compound and its analogs. We describe, herein, the synthesis of the ACT fragment and its coupling to the α, β -ketonitrile derived from L-allo-Ile to obtain the key intermediate C 1 -N 15 fragment.Our retrosynthetic analysis of Scleritodermin A is shown in Scheme 1. Disconnection at the ester group of the macrolactone and cleavage of the amide bond between keto-allo-Ile and L-*Corresponding author. Tel: + 598 2 9244856; fax: +598 2 924 19 06, email: gserra@fq.edu.uy. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Proline give the C 1 -N 15 fragment (2). This fragment contains a conjugated thiazole and the α-ketoamide moiety, also found in other marine natural products like Oriamide and Keramamides. The disconnection of the amide bond in fragment 2 produces the ACT derivative, which could be obtained from thiazole 6. We propose to synthesize this compound (6) by cyclodehydration of a β-hy...
The results from the synthesis of peptides by Fmoc/SPPS on a 2-CTC resin and then lactamization in solution or solid phase for the preparation of cyclopeptides are presented. Both procedures allow the synthesis of the desired compounds in good to very good yield and with high cyclization efficiency for on-resin macrocyclization. In addition, the activities of the corresponding cyclopeptides against the chloroquine-resistant K1 strain of Plasmodium falciparum were evaluated. Cyclo-Cys(Trt)-Gly-Thr( Bu)-Gly-Cys(Trt)-Gly showed potent in vitro and selective activity against this parasite, EC = 28 nM.
Azolic and non-azolic cyclohexapeptides were obtained and/or evaluated as promising antimalarial and/or anti-trypanosomal agents.
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