Spodoptera frugiperda or fall army worm (FAW) is new pest of maize in Indonesia. The study of this pest is still limited. This study aims to determine attack rate and intensity of S. frugiperda on maize in Tuban Regency. Sampling was done by using the Scouting method recommended by Balitsereal, Maros. The research was conducted in 7 sub-districts in Tuban, East Java. Based on the results of the research, it was shown that all the observation locations on the corn field were found S. frugiperda attacks. The percentage of new pests of S. frugiperda in Tuban Regency ranges from 58% to 100%. The highest percentage of attacks is 100%, its was found on land in Bancar District, Regency. S. frugiperda attack intensity is below 60%. The highest attack intensity was in Bancar sub-district with an attack intensity value of 55%.
In Madura island, corn is the main commodity that is widely planted with an area of 301,725 ha or about 30% of the area of maize in East Java. Madura Island has local cultivars, such as: Tambin, Talango, Guluk-guluk, Manding, and Kretek. Efforts to increase production are continuously being made, starting from improving varieties until managing plant pests. One of the main diseases in maize is downy mildew. However, information about the incidence, incidence, severity, and species that cause downy mildew in local cultivars has not been reported. So, this study aims to identify the causes of downy mildew in local cultivars of Madura and disease severity in the field. The research method is a survey on local maize centers. Sampling was done by using the diagonal sampling method. Each plant sample was observed for symptoms of disease and scoring to calculate the value of disease severity. Fungi identification was carried out by microscopic observation of the fungus. The results showed that the cause of downy mildew in Madura local maize in Sumenep Regency was P. maydis. The highest incidence, disease severity, and AUDPC value after 4 MST were found in Guluk-guluk cultivars in Padangdangan Village, but had the lowest disease progression rate values. Meanwhile, the highest rate of disease progression was found in the Manding cultivar in Mandala Village. Based on the resistance category, Talango cultivar had the best resistance when compared to other cultiva.Keywords: AUDPC, downy mildew, disease progress, Madurese maize, Peronosclerospora maydis
Pengamatan rutin dilakukan untuk mengetahui atau mendeteksi jenis dan kepadatan OPT sehingga dapat menentukan kapan dan bagaimana pengendalian harus dilakukan. Pengamatan rutin merupakan langkah awal sebagai dasar untuk menentukan perlu tidaknya dilakukan tindakan pengendalian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kepadatan populasi kutudaun dan intensitas penyakit belang pada tanaman kacang tanah sebagai langkah awal penentuan teknik pengendalian OPT dalam penerapan PHT. Pengamatan dilakukan sebanyak 6 kali dengan interval pengamatan 7 hari pada pertanaman kacang tanah berumur ±60 hari. Pengambilan sampel tanaman dilakukan dengan teknik simple random sampling dengan cara mengambil 50 sampel tanaman. Parameter yang diamati adalah kepadatan dan kelimpahan populasi hama serta kejadian dan keparahan penyakit belang. Kepadatan dan kelimpahan populasi hama kutudaun di awal pengamatan mencapai 287 ekor tetapi menurun pada pengamatan minggu berikutnya akibat pengaruh cuaca dan musuh alami. Kejadian penyakit belang kacang tanah mencapai 100%. Keparahan penyakit belang kacang tanah mencapai lebih dari 50% dan terus meingkat seiring dengan lamanya waktu pengamatan. Tingginya kejadian dan keparahan penyakit disebabkan oleh benih yang digunakan sudah terinfestasi patogen.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.