Organic and dye sensitized solar cell devices have attracted a significant attention during last few years in scientific community due to their advantages such as low cost, easy processibility, large scale manufacturing and efficient conversion of solar energy into electrical energy. The main aim of this review is to provide torchlight for organic chemist willing to start exploration in the field of solar cell as it includes an overview of organic and dye sensitized solar cells. This review covers detailed history for development of solar cell, some basic terminologies used in organic and dye sensitized solar cells. The review article gives attention toward synthetic utility of organic molecules towards different types of solar cell such as single layer, double layer and bulk heterojunction solar cells, their mechanisms and type of materials which are generally used for solar cell device fabrication. The review specially gives focus on the up to date information about improvements in Organic Solar Cells (OSCs) and Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) which will be a handy tool for young budding researchers to explore the molecular engineering opportunities in terms of designing and synthesizing more efficient exotic materials for solar cell.

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The Biginelli product, dihydropyrimidinone (DHPM) core, and its derivatives are of immense biological importance. There are several methods reported as modifications to the original Biginelli reaction. Among them, many involve the use of different catalysts. Also, among the advancements that have been made to the Biginelli reaction, improvements in product yields, less hazardous reaction conditions, and simplified isolation of products from the reaction predominate. Recently, solid-phase synthetic protocols have attracted the research community for improved yields, simplified product purification, recyclability of the solid support, which forms a special economic approach for Biginelli reaction. The present Review highlights the role of polymer-supported catalysts in Biginelli reaction, which may involve organic, inorganic, or hybrid polymers as support for catalysts. A few of the schemes involve magnetically recoverable catalysts where work up provides green approach relative to traditional methods. Some research groups used polymer−catalyst nanocomposites and polymer-supported ionic liquids as catalyst. Solvent-free, an ultrasound or microwave-assisted Biginelli reactions with polymer-supported catalysts are also reported.

A BSA catalyzed synthesis of dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives via a one pot, three component reaction of an aldehyde/ketone/isatin, malononitrile and 3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-(4H)-one in H2O–EtOH (7 : 3) at ambient temperature is reported.

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Please cite this article as: Tayade, Y.A., Patil, D.R., Wagh, Y.B., Jangle, A.D., Dalal, D.S., An efficient synthesis of 3-indolyl-3-hydroxy oxindoles and 3,3-di(indolyl)indolin-2-ones catalyzed by sulfonated β-CD as a supramolecular catalyst in water, Tetrahedron Letters (2014), doi: http://dx.