This research was carried out in the bird´s experimental area of the Santa Inés Farm (Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Universidad Técnica de Machala), El Oro Province, Ecuador. The objective was to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of Moringa oleifera leaf meal in the feed of Cobb 500 chickens on carcass and visceral parameters. To guarantee the welfare of the chickens, all the suggestions for open-shed systems was followed, as well as a basic vaccination schedule applied in the area. The variables evaluated were: antemortem weight; blood, feathers, viscera, thighs, counter-thighs, breast, shoulder, wings, neck, legs, head, heart, liver, gizzard, spleen, intestines and gizzard fat expressed as a percentage, and finally abdominal fat was expressed in millimeters. A Completely Randomized Design was applied, consisting of 5 treatments (T) with 4 experimental units, containing 10 chickens each one. The T1 or control without M. oleifera meal, while T2, T3, T4 and T5 incorporated Moringa leaf meal at a rate of 1, 2, 3 and 4%, respectively. An ANOVA analysis was used prior to observing the assumptions of normality and homogeneity, and to discriminate among the means, the Bonferroni multiple comparison procedure was applied, with a 95% confidence level. All calculations were obtained through the statistical program Statgraphics Centurión XV.I. The results showed that there is no negative effect on the variables evaluated, which allows to assume that up to 4% Moringa meal can be used in feed for chickens without any restrictions since it does not affect the weight of the carcass.
La queratoconjuntivitis seca (QCS) es una enfermedad inflamatoria que afecta la córnea y conjuntiva generando signos oculares como resequedad de la córnea, ulceraciones, pigmentación, vascularización y disminución significativa de la cantidad de la producción lagrimal que es secretada por las glándulas lagrimales, tarsales y ciliares apocrinas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la incidencia de QCS con el método diagnóstico cuantitativo “test de Schirmer”, y relacionarlo con el grupo etario, la presión ocular y la glucemia. En la metodología empleada se realizó una valoración clínica oftalmológica a perros braquiocefálicos de la ciudad de Machala (Ecuador), aparentemente sanos tomando en cuenta el sexo y registro etario. Se organizaron 3 grupos de estudio de 6 meses a 2 años de edad (AdE), de 2,5 a 5 AdE y mayores a 6 AdE. Para el diagnóstico de QCS se empleó la tira de papel absorbente “test de Schirmer” comercial. La incidencia de QCS en los perros braquiocefálicos fue del 27,3 %, encontrándose el 40 % de éstos en edades entre los 2,5 a 5 AdE sin relación estadística. Un tercio de los animales (33,3 %), presentaron una presión intraocular alta sin relación a la presencia de la QCS en el grupo etario afectado. La alta incidencia de la QC lleva a implementar en las clínicas veterinarias, exámenes oftalmológicos preventivos a los pacientes braquiocefálicos ya que tienen cierta predisposición por su anatomía a padecer esta patología.
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