SummaryThe temperature-and pressure-dependent equilibria for the addition of an extra N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) or trimethylphosphate (TMP) ligand onto [Nd (DMF)*I3+-and [Nd (TMP),I3+-species respectively have been measured by visible spectrophotometry. Complementary NMR. studies on other lanthanide ions show a gradual shift in preference for the lower coordination number across the lanthanide series.The tripositive lanthanide ions are very labile towards ligand substitution in solution and consequently it has proved difficult to establish precise coordination numbers. For aqueous solutions, a large body of indirect evidence [l] suggests a change in coordination number (nine to eight) across the series but universal agreement has not been reached. The absorption band, 41,,2 -+ 2P,,2, in the electronic spectrum of Nd3+ is sensitive to the environmental changes [2] mentioned above and, accordingly, a preliminary spectrophotometric study of neodymium (111) solvent complexes at variable temperature and pressure is now reported.Anhydrous solutions of [Nd (DMF),] (C104)3 [3] in DMF,) exhibit temperature and pressure dependent visible absorption bands2) in the region 425-435 nm as indicated in Figure 1. The spectra recorded for Nd3+ in DMF at high temperature approach those of [Nd (DMF),] (c104)3 dissolved in either of the inert diluents, nitromethane or dichloromethane. Plots of the paramagnetic-induced NMR. shifts of the solvent formyl proton in Ln3+rlDMF solutions versus inverse temperature (Fig. 2) show points of inflection3) for Ln= Ce-Nd but not for . The behavior of the visible absorption bands and NMR. shifts for Nd3+ with temperature are consistent with an equilibrium between two solvated Nd3+-species. Whilst I )
*)3 ,
Since breastfeeding is acknowledged as the best nutrition for young babies, it needs to be protected, supported and promoted. This includes enabling mothers to continue breastfeeding even when they return to work. This paper describes a project that promotes balancing breastfeeding and paid work through the development, distribution, promotion and evaluation of suitable materials to workplaces, employers and women in Australia. Information provided in a workplace kit was based on previous successful strategies from published works in refereed journals and in consultation with employers, employees and other key people. Information for employees was further summarized and translated into Arabic, Chinese, Turkish, Spanish and Vietnamese. Over 50,000 information kits were distributed Australia-wide using a database that comprised contact details of medium to large workplaces plus employee and employer organizations, with preference given to workplaces that employed women of childbearing age and women from diverse cultural backgrounds. The translated material was also distributed to migrant resource centres and working women's centres around Australia. Promotion of the project was extensive, resulting in 20 newspaper articles, 17 radio interviews or news items, and articles in 18 newsletters and professional journals and three magazines. The project was also promoted at three conferences and one seminar. Evaluation (directed at employers) focused primarily on the distribution and content of the information kit, since the evaluation was conducted soon after distribution. The evaluation survey was sent to 1571 valid contacts (808 e-mail addresses, 1360 fax numbers). The response rate was 12.8% (n = 202). Seventy per cent of responding businesses rated the information kit as excellent. Over half anticipated the kit would be useful in their organization, while over two-thirds agreed that the kit provided sufficient information and suitable solutions to support balancing breastfeeding and work in their organization. While this project has achieved its objectives, further work is required to assist organizations to develop and implement policies and procedures for balancing breastfeeding and work, so that breastfeeding mothers who are returning to work can continue to breastfeed as long as they and their baby require it.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.