Av ersatile terpene synthase (LcTPS2) producing unconventional macrocyclic terpenoids was characterized from Leucosceptrum canum. Engineered Escherichia coli and Nicotiana benthamiana expressing LcTPS2 produced six 18-/14-membered sesterterpenoids including five new ones and two 14-membered diterpenoids.T hese products represent the first macrocyclic sesterterpenoids from plants and the largest sesterterpenoid ring system identified to date.T wo variants F516A and F516G producing approximately 3.3-and 2.5-fold, respectively,m ore sesterterpenoids than the wild-type enzyme were engineered. Both 18-and 14-membered ring sesterterpenoids displayed significant inhibitory activity on the IL-2 and IFN-g production of Tcells probably via inhibition of the MAPK pathway.T he findings will contribute to the development of efficient biocatalysts to create bioactive macrocyclic sesterterpenoids,a nd also herald an ew potential in the welltrodden territory of plant terpenoid biosynthesis.
This paper discusses the synchronization of fractional order complex valued neural networks (FOCVNN) at the presence of time delay. Synchronization criterions are achieved through the employment of a linear feedback control and comparison theorem of fractional order linear systems with delay. Feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed system are validated through numerical simulations.
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