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BackgroundModified Lingguizhugan Decoction (MLD) came from famous Chinese medicine Linggui Zhugan Decoction. The MLD is used for the treatment of metabolic syndrome in the clinical setting. Our study focuses on the comprehensive treatment of MLD incorporated with dietary restriction and exercise in a rat model of the metabolic syndrome (MS).MethodsRats were divided into five groups: control group (Cont), high-fat diet group (HFD), high-fat diet incorporated with dietary restriction group (HFD-DR), exercise incorporated with dietary restriction group (HFD-DR-Ex) and MLD incorporated with dietary restriction and exercise group (HFD-DR-Ex-MLD). Treatments were conducted for 1 week after feeding high-fat diet for 12 weeks. The effects of treatments on high fat diet-induced obesity, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, hepatic injury and insulin resistance in rats of MS were examined. In addition, the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), leptin and protein kinase B (PKB) in rats serum and liver were also examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsAfter a week’s intervention by dietary restriction, dietary restriction incorporated with exercise or MLD, compared with HFD rats, the relative weight of liver and fat, levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, free fatty acid, aspartate aminotransferase, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and alkaline phosphatase, insulin, were significantly decreased (p < 0.05 or 0.01). This treatment also inhibited abnormal increases of TNF-α, leptin and PKB in serum and liver.ConclusionMLD incorporated with dietary restriction and exercise treatment exhibit effects in alleviating high-fat diet-induced obesity, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, hepatic injury and insulin resistance, which are possibly due to the down-regulation of TNF-α, leptin and PKB.

In this paper, a new method of split, partial oxidation and mixed absorption for the synergistic removal of SO 2 , NOx, and Hg 0 is proposed. Factors that affect the multipollutant removal, such as the flue gas split ratio, NaClO 2 concentration, initial pH and temperature of NaClO 2 solution in the oxidation reactor, SO 2 , NO, O 2 , and CO 2 concentrations, gas flow rate, and species of alkali absorbent in the absorption reactor are investigated, with a special focus on NOx removal. Results show that SO 2 and Hg 0 are removed quite efficiently and are slightly affected by reaction conditions, whereas NOx removal is seriously affected by the above factors, except for O 2 and CO 2 concentrations. Under the best experimental conditions, the average removal efficiencies of SO 2 , NOx, and Hg 0 reach more than 99, 82, and 95%, respectively. Meanwhile, the mechanism of multipollutant removal is deduced based on related literature, experimental phenomena, and reaction products. The novel process has enormous potential in the removal of multipollutants from flue gas.

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BACKGROUND It is of great interest to use pillared clay (PILC) as a cheap support for a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst. Al‐Cr pillared clay (AlCr‐PILC) has high thermal stability due to the introduction of polycations of Al. As a support, AlCr‐PILC may show a co‐catalytic effect in SCR processes because chromium oxide itself is an active SCR catalyst. The aim of this work is to investigate the potential of AlCr‐PILC as a new low temperature SCR catalyst support. RESULTS A series of AlCr‐PILC with Al:Cr molar ratio varying from 0:4 to 4:0 were successfully synthesized to support manganese and cerium active phase. MnCe/AlCr(2:2)‐PILC exhibited the highest NOx conversion close to 100% at 200–300 °C, and more than 90% N2 selectively over a wide temperature window of 140–300 °C. The catalytic activity of MnCe/AlCr‐PILC in terms of both NOx conversion and N2 selectivity is much higher than those of MnCe/Al‐PILC, MnCe/Cr‐PILC, AlCr‐PILC, and the simple mixed MnCeAlCr, indicating the co‐catalytic effect of AlCr‐PILC support. CONCLUSION AlCr‐PILC is a very promising low‐temperature SCR catalyst support. The XRD, XPS, and H2‐TPR measurements prove that the co‐catalytic effect of AlCr‐PILC occurred via the strong interaction between MnCe and the AlCr‐PILC support. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry