The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is considered one of the most important pests worldwide because of its direct damage to fruit and vegetable production, and restrictions imposed to commercialization of horticultural commodities by countries free of the pest. It was introduced to Brazil in 1901 and to Costa Rica in 1955, from where it spread across the Central American region, reaching Guatemala and Mexico in 1976 and 1977, respectively. In response, the governments of Guatemala, Mexico, and the USA joined efforts to (1) contain further northward spread of the pest, (2) eradicate it from the areas it had invaded in southern Mexico, and (3) in the longer term eradicate it from Guatemala and eventually from the rest of Central America. To this effect, cooperative agreements were subscribed between the three countries and also between the USA and Belize. This allowed regional cooperation against the Mediterranean fruit fly and the creation of the Moscamed Programme. The programme was the first area‐wide large‐scale application of the sterile insect technique (SIT) against this pest. By 1982, the Programme had achieved its first two objectives with the containment of the northward advance of the pest, and its eradication from the areas it had invaded in the states of Chiapas and Oaxaca in southern Mexico. Furthermore, by 1985 the Mediterranean fruit fly had been eradicated from areas in Guatemala located at the border with Mexico. Since then, the programme has had years with significant territorial advances in the eradication of the pest from areas within Guatemala, combined with years when it had setbacks resulting in losses of the territorial gains. Nevertheless, during 4 decades, the programme has effectively served as an effective containment barrier maintaining the Mediterranean fruit fly‐free status of Belize, Mexico, and the USA. It has also protected and increased the Mediterranean fruit fly‐free areas in Guatemala. As a result, it has protected the assets of horticultural producers and contributed during this period to the development of multibillion dollar export industries in these countries. This paper provides an historical review of the programme and describes briefly how technological innovations and decision‐making tools have contributed to programme efficiency. It also discusses how non‐technical and external factors have limited the eradication process and further programme advance within the Central American region.
. 2009. Biología y comportamiento sexual del mutante ojos amarillos de Anastrepha ludens (Diptera: Tephritidae). Acta Zool. Mex. (n. s.) 25(1):9-20. RESUMEN. Se comparó la biología y el comportamiento sexual entre una cepa de laboratorio con fenotipo silvestre (LFS) con una cepa de laboratorio con fenotipo mutante (LFM) de Anastrepha ludens (Loew), que se caracteriza por una coloración del cuerpo clara y ojos amarillo cremoso, para determinar su potencial como marcador genético en los programas de control mediante el uso de la técnica del insecto estéril. Los resultados del estudio indicaron que los individuos de la cepa mutante LFM no difieren significativamente de los individuos de la cepa LFS respecto a su fecundidad, fertilidad y supervivencia de inmaduros, así como en la emisión de feromona sexual. Esto es indicativo de que podría ser adaptada a las condiciones de cría masiva. Sin embargo, las pruebas de apareamiento indicaron que aunque los insectos LFM copularon con los insectos de campo de fenotipo silvestre (CFS), presentaron cierto grado de aislamiento y bajos porcentajes de apareamiento de los machos tanto con hembras CFS y LFS, lo cual implica que no sea recomendable el uso de la cepa mutante LFM como marcador genético en programas que utilizan la técnica del insecto estéril, para el control de la mosca Mexicana de la fruta. Palabras clave: Anastrepha ludens, comportamiento sexual, cría masiva, mutante, marcador genético. ABSTRACT. We compared the biology and sexual behavior between a strain of laboratory with wild phenotype (LFS) and a strain of laboratory with mutant phenotype (LFM) of Anastrepha ludens (Loew), characterized by clear coloration of the body and creamy yellow eyes to determine their potential as genetic marker in the control programmes through the use of the sterile insect technique.
La mosca mexicana de la fruta, Anastrepha ludens (Loew) es una plaga de importancia económica en cultivos de cítricos y mango en México. Estudios del comportamiento sexual en cepas mutantes pueden contribuir en la selección de insectos con potencial para liberación en campo. En este estudio se evaluó la respuesta visual del mutante ojos amarillos de A. ludens mediante experimentos de elección de color para determinar posibles deficiencias visuales. Las pruebas de laboratorio se realizaron utilizando esferas de color verde, naranja y blanco, comparando la cepa mutante con moscas de cría del tipo silvestre utilizadas como testigo. Los resultados indicaron que las moscas mutantes no presentan discriminación en la elección del color, evidenciando posibles deficiencias visuales.
Dávila. 2011. Desempeño sexual de machos de laboratorio estériles de Anastrepha obliqua aclimatados bajo condiciones de campo. Acta Zool. Mex. (n. s.), 27(1): 17-23. RESUMEN. Se evaluó por medio de pruebas estándar de control de calidad el desempeño sexual de machos de cría estériles de Anastrepha obliqua aclimatados bajo condiciones de campo. Machos esté-riles de cría de laboratorio fueron mantenidos en un huerto de mango en jaulas de madera durante 0, 2, 4, 6 y 8 días antes de competir con machos silvestres por hembras silvestres en pruebas de desempeño sexual. Los machos de laboratorio fueron evaluados con 8 días de edad mientras los silvestres con 15 días. Este estudio fue conducido para confirmar si los insectos mantenidos lo más cerca posible a las condiciones naturales, obtienen una ventaja en su desempeño sexual con respecto a machos mantenidos en condiciones artificiales. Los resultados del estudio indicaron que la proporción de apareamientos en la prueba fue satisfactoria y los valores del índice de esterilidad relativa no muestran diferencias significativas entre los distintos tratamientos. En conclusión los datos indican que el pre-acondicionamiento de machos de A. obliqua a condiciones de campo no confiere una ventaja en el desempeño sexual con hembras silvestres en jaulas de campo, lo cual es ideal para los programas de liberación donde la técnica del insecto estéril es aplicada. Palabras clave: A. obliqua, cría masiva, aclimatación, desempeño sexual. ABSTRACT. Standard quality control tests were carried out to evaluate the sexual performance of laboratory sterile Anastrepha obliqua males acclimated under field conditions. Laboratory sterile males were maintained in a mango orchard in wooden cages for 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 days before competing with wild males for matings with wild females in sexual performance tests. Laboratory males were evaluated at 8 days of age while wild males were 15 days old. This study was conducted to confirm whether insects kept as close as possible to natural conditions, obtain an advantage in their sexual performance Quintero
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.