Confocal scanning laser microscopy of live human skin was performed to investigate the correlation of in vivo cellular and morphologic features to histology, the effect of wavelength on imaging, and the role of melanin as a contrast agent. We built a video-rate confocal scanning laser microscope for in vivo imaging of human skin. Using a 100 x microscope objective, we imaged high-contrast optical "sections" of normal skin, vitiliginous skin, and a compound nevus. In vivo "confocal histology" correlated well with conventional histology. The maximum imaging depth increased with wavelength: the epidermis was imaged with visible 400-700-nm wavelengths; the superficial papillary dermis and blood cells (erythrocytes and leukocytes) in the deeper capillaries were imaged with the near infrared 800-900-nm wavelengths. For confocal reflectance imaging, melanin provided strong contrast by increased backscattering of light such that the cytoplasm in heavily pigmented cells imaged brightly. In vivo confocal microscopy potentially offers dermatologists a diagnostic tool that is instant and entirely non-invasive compared to conventional histopathology.

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A pulsed spiking and nonspiking Cr; thulium (Tm):YAG flash lamp pumped laser operating at 1.96 and 2.01 im was investigated in vitro in the clinically relevant power range for its basic laser-tissue interaction with soft, cartilaginous, and bone tissues. Some explanations of the differences and possible medical applications are discussed. 0-8194-0792-5/92/$4.00 Downloaded From: http://proceedings.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 07/04/2016 Terms of Use: http://spiedigitallibrary.org/ss/TermsOfUse.aspx

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