Karangsambung as a “subduction fossil” of the Cretaceous-Paleocene on the island of Java, has a complex geological structure. The current subduction process in the south of Java with a north-south compression force has contributed to the reactivation of the geological structure in Karangsambung. The index active tectonic relative (IAT) of the Karangsambung area reflects the current level of tectonic activity. IAT is obtained from quantitative calculations of geomorphic indices, including streams length - gradients index (Sl), the ratio of valley floor width to valley height (Vf), basin asymmetry (Af), basin shape (Bs). mountain front sinuosity (Smf), the hypsometric integral (HI), and drainage density (Dd). The index active tectonic relative (IAT) calculation with an average IAT value of 2.37 indicates that tectonic activity is in the medium/moderate category. In addition, an attempt was made to compare the regional neotectonic activity with the relative tectonic activity of the study area. Based on this geomorphic analysis, the study area may have a lower seismic risk but needs to be evaluated more carefully for regional seismic hazards. The IAT value can be used as an initial reference for geological disaster assessment, especially earthquakes hazard in the development of the Karangsambung National Geopark Area.
Two approaches can be taken to understand geotourism, namely the geological approach and the geographical approach. This approach will lead to the creation of new geotourism products, initiatives, and experiences, one of which is geohazard tourism involving faults and earthquakes. To identify geomorphosites, the researchers examined rocks, outcrops, and geomorphology. Then various thematic maps are created using mapping software and other drawing applications to simplify textual material and aid synthesis. A synthesis of all that is then carried out to reconstruct the geological and geomorphological history of the study area. Furthermore, the West Lampung geomorphosite candidate was compared to the worldwide fault and earthquake geomorphosite theme. The Great Sumatran Fault depression landscape can be found in Balak Pekon, Batubrak Regency, and Pekon Padang Dalom, Balik Bukit District, West Lampung Regency. This depression is caused by both endogenous and exogenous factors. The endogenous activity takes the form of sediment from volcanism and fault movement, whereas exogenous activity takes the form of river water erosion. The valley's sediments are ignimbrite tuffs/sandy tuffs that form a cliff morphology with a height of + 75 meters and a trend of Southeast-Northwest. In the case of geotourism, initiatives have grown over time around two complementary approaches (geological and geographic) and the result is a geomorphosite in the geohazard area. One of the areas is the Sumatran Great Fault depression geomorphosite, this area was formed due to the movement of the Sumatran fault which caused the 1908, 1933, and 1994 earthquakes. Situations like these can be used as opportunities to enhance learning about the relationships between people, land use, natural processes, and large-scale events by providing real-life examples, this can be packaged into the form of geohazard tourism.
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