Introduction: Septicaemia is responsible for high morbidity and mortality in developing countries like India requiring prompt antimicrobial treatment for its proper management. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: Detection of etiological agent from blood culture of suspected septicaemia patients and it's antibiogram. Material and Methods: A total of 227 blood culture samples were collected in Microbiology Laboratory during 1 July-2016 to 30 June-2017. Etiologic agents were isolated using conventional as well as automated blood culture methods and their antibiotic susceptibility was determined using standard protocol. Results: Among clinically suspected septicemic patients 39(17.18%) were culture positive. The most common organisms isolated were S. aureus(12), CONS(8), Klebsiella pneumoniae(5) and C. albicans(4) in decreasing order of their incidence. 75% of S. aureus were methicillin resistant. All Gram positive organisms were sensitive to Glycopeptide antibiotics but showed variable resistance to other antibiotics. Gram negative bacteria were multidrug resistant with high degree of resistance towards Quinolones, Cephalosporins but a high sensitivity to Carbapenems. Only one non fermenter was resistant to Carbapenems which was sensitive to Colistin. Conclusion:The use of automation can be a useful tool for isolation of rare organisms. The incidence of bacterial culture positivity is on the rise and fungal isolation is also common. In this era where over the counter drugs are easily available, drug abuse is difficult to control. But, having said that, formulation of Hospital Antibiotic Policy and its strict implementation is the need of the hour, which will eventually help us to control the menacing rise in antimicrobial resistance.
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) kills close to half a million Indians every year. Lack of reliable rapid diagnostic techniques for TB hampers timely diagnosis and leads to continued disease transmission, causing significant morbidity and mortality. The potential of newly recommended CBNAAT in TB and MDR-TB detection has been underutilized in our area due to lack of awareness regarding the same. Hence we utilized this rapid, logistically simplified test to study the pattern of tuberculosis among tribal population of Central India.Methods: Descriptive study of suspected TB patients in tertiary care centre from March 2016 to March 2019. Appropriate specimens from suspected TB patients were collected and subjected to CBNAAT and AFB smear to study the pattern of TB and Rifampicin- Resistant(RR) TB in our area.Results: CBNAAT detected overall 27% MTB cases; 27.72 % Pulmonary-TB cases as against smear positivity rate of 20.73% whereas 12.74% Extra-pulmonary-TB (EPTB) cases as against smear positivity rate of 1.59%.Overall 94.91% were RiF Sensitive( RS-TB) and 4.58% were RR-TB. Of the 57 (4.16%) HIV-TB coinfected cases; 96.49% were RS-TB and 5.26% were RR-TB. Co-infected patients have high incidence of EPTB(21.05%) involvement with RR-TB 3.50%. Among EPTB cases; lymph node aspirate and pus provided highest CBNAAT positive cases and almost 90.62% EPTB specimens were RS-TB .Conclusions: Availability of new diagnostic services has increased early identification of TB and RR-TB. Awareness among physicians regarding diagnostic utility of CBNAAT should be further increased as early identification of possible MDR cases is key to reducing community transmission and treatment initiation, particularly in high-burden, resource-limited settings.
Background: Dengue is a vector-borne disease that is a major public health threat globally affecting three billion people with approximately 200 million cases of morbidity and 50,000 cases of mortality annually. It is transmitted to humans by Aedes mosquitoes. It is caused by the dengue virus (DENV, 1-4 serotypes). The clinical manifestations of dengue vary from mild fever to severe hemorrhage, shock, and death. It is critical to make an early and accurate laboratory diagnosis of DENV infection for effective patient management. Dengue is now no more restricted to the urban population, it has become endemic in the rural population as well. Aim and Objectives: 1. To find the seroprevalence of dengue virus infection in the tribal population of Gondia district. 2. To observe the seasonal variation of dengue cases. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted under the NVBDC program at the Department of Microbiology, GMC, Gondia which is the sentinel center for Dengue and Chikungunya. The Study was carried out from October 2018 to September 2020. Serum samples of patients with dengue-like clinical illness were subjected to IgM antibody detection by dengue MAC ELISA. Results: Seroprevalence of dengue in Gondia was found to be 12.37% (48/388). The most common age group affected was 21-30 years (39.59%). Males (54.17%) were affected more than females (45.83%). The peak of dengue cases was observed in September 2019. Less number of cases were reported in the year 2020. Conclusion: Newer diagnostic techniques, public awareness programs, better education, and proper monitoring of vector control are required to prevent dengue outbreaks.
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