Background/aim: This study was conducted to determine the critical partial oxygen pressure (pO2) value that would impair hearing function by evaluating the effects of hypoxia on hearing function in subjects diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (CPOD). Materials and methods: The study included 25 male and 5 female patients referred to our clinic who were diagnosed with COPD, according to spirometry and PaO 2 values, and who did not show pathology upon autoscopic examination. The control group consisted of 14 female and 16 male patients who had no lung disease and were in the same age range as the COPD group. Results: A statistically significant difference was found between the two groups for distortion-product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) (P < 0.001). The COPD group was divided into two groups according to pO 2 levels (pO 2 ≤ 70 and pO 2 > 70) in order to find a critical pO 2 level which might cause significant change at a certain audiological extent. Conclusion: Hypoxia causes long-term decline in hearing thresholds, deterioration of DPOAE results, and prolongation of I-V interpeak latency in auditory brainstem response. However, the critical oxygen level that disrupts hearing function could not be determined.
Background: The aim of the present study was to compare the frequency of pleural tuberculosis in patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM).
Methods: Three hundred consecutive patients who were smear positive for pulmonary tuberculosis or isolated pleural tuberculosis were enrolled in the study. Patients’ age and smoking status (pack‐years) were recorded. Patients were divided into two groups: those with and without DM.
Results: All patients enrolled in the study were male. Mean (±SD) patient age was 42.4 ± 15.9 years. Of the 300 patients in the study, 48 had DM. There was no significant difference in the distribution of pulmonary tuberculosis and isolated pleural tuberculosis between patients with and without DM (P > 0.05). However, there was a significant difference in mean pack‐years of smoking between patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and those with isolated pleural tuberculosis for all patients; patients with isolated pleural tuberculosis had a significantly lower number of pack‐years of smoking (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: Severe pulmonary involvement in DM patients may be due to smoking status.
Introduction and importance:
Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) is an often overlooked and limited case with other conditions that can cause hypoventilation.
Case presentation:
An Indonesian female, 22 years old, always feels sleepy, has difficulty concentrating and controlling her appetite. The patient had a fever, respiratory rate of 32 ×/min, pulse rate of 115 ×/min, apathy, obesity (BMI =46.6 kg/m2), and she used oxygen therapy with a non-rebreathing mask of 10 l/min (SO2 of 89%). The patients had daytime hypercapnia & alveolar hypoventilation without other causes of hypoventilation. She was likely to have a chronic condition with relatively stable symptoms that had fallen into a state of acute on chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure. The patient used mechanical ventilation and received supportive management. After 19 days of treatment, the patient’s condition improved, and it was recommended to lose weight gradually. In 1-week post hospitalization, the patient experienced a weight loss of 5 kg.
Discussion:
Mechanical ventilation, supportive management, and decreased body weight of 25–30% gradually have improved prognosis in OHS patients. Bariatric surgery is carried out when the patient cannot lose weight with diet and exercise.
Conclusion:
OHS management includes oxygen therapy and gradually decreased body weight.
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