This article defines fiber quality indicators that differ in laboratory conditions from the upper, middle and lower layers of Bukhara-6 breeding varieties of cotton, in the modern system HVI 1000 SA. Based on the results of the study, histograms of changes in the quality of cotton fiber in the layers of the harem are presented. As an alternative, the quality indicators of yarn obtained in the laboratory spinning device “Sherli” of small size from fiber were determined. As can be seen from the analysis of the test results, it was found that the comparative elongation strength of cotton obtained from the lower layer of the stack, the upper average length, elongation at break, the light output coefficient, decreased compared to other layers of the stack, on the contrary, the index of hip fibers, increased, decreased compared to other layers of the stack. In addition, according to the results of the tests obtained, the fiber viscosity index was obtained – the correlation between the properties of fibers and the properties of yarn, the thread viscosity index was estimated by the CSP (COUNT STRENGTH PRODUKT) coefficient, which was determined by the formula for carded yarn obtained in the laboratory spinning device “Sherli” from fiber stored in the refrigerator. The obtained results showed that the relationship between fiber properties and yarn properties due to the fact that the maturity index of a thread is at the top of the stack compared to the middle and lower part of the stack.
This article analyzes the productivity of early maturing and new cotton varieties grown in the country. The study was conducted on early ripening and cotton varieties grown in Jizzakh region. At that time, the highest yield was 37.1% in Bukhara-102 variety, and the lowest yield was 30.0% in Sultan variety. Yields in early maturing new varieties averaged 28.9%. The yield of Porloq-4 was 40.9%, and that of С-6779 was 23.0%. Yields of early maturing varieties averaged 33.3%. Porloq-4 and Bukhara-102 varieties have high indicators of early ripening and yield. Physico-mechanical performance of these cotton varieties was analyzed on the basis of HVI (High Volume Instrument) results. From the results we can see that the specific breaking strength of early maturing and new varieties Porloq-4 and Bukhara-102 in cotton fiber was 37.2%, the upper length was 35.5 mm. Then the specific tensile strength of Porloq-4 cotton fiber is 1.8% lower than the average tensile strength, and the upper average length is 5.1 mm higher. The specific tensile strength of Bukhara-102 fiber is 1.9% higher than the average tensile strength, the average length is 5.3 mm less. The short fiber index averaged 7.5% and the elongation at break was 7.9% on average. The short fiber index of the Porloq-4 variety is 3% lower than the average short fiber index, and the elongation index at break is 1.6% higher than the average. We can see that the index of short fibers of Bukhara-102 fiber is 3% higher than the average, and the elongation at break is 1.5% lower than the average.
The main directions of economic and social development of the country have identified a broad program to increase output of products, including textile products, to improve its production and quality. Essentially, the output of high-quality goods which are in high demand among the population should expand. The quality of materials is associated with the features of their properties, the structure of fibers and threads, geometric, mechanical, physical properties, the structure of textile fabrics, the change in the structure and properties of textile fabrics in the weaving process. Therefore, quality is not an invariable concept. Requests, application spheres of materials and conditions and uses are changing, and the requirements to the level of indicators of their property, textile materials, improvement of methods for determining the properties of fabrics and developing fabrics with a new structure are changing accordingly.
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