Background Croatia has closed all educational institutions after 32 cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection were confirmed and switched to exclusive e-learning. Health sciences university students may have been particularly affected with this change due to a lack of practical education. It is not known how health sciences students and schools have adjusted to exclusive e-learning. This study aimed to explore attitudes and concerns of health sciences students in Croatia regarding the complete switch to e-learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Eligible participants were students from 9 institutions offering university-level health sciences education in Croatia enrolled in the academic year 2019/2010, and participating in e-learning. Data were collected with a questionnaire distributed via email during April/May 2020. Results A total of 2520 students (aged 25.7 ± 7.7 years) responded to the questionnaire (70.3% response rate). General satisfaction with exclusive e-learning was rated with average grade of 3.7 out of 5. Compared with previous education, exclusive e-learning was rated with average grade of 3.2 out of 5. Compared to classroom learning, equal or higher motivation to attend exclusive e-learning was reported by 64.4% of participants. With a longer duration of exclusive e-learning, equal or higher motivation was reported by 65.5% of participants. Less than half of the students indicated they felt deprived or concerned due to the lack of practical lessons. Most participants indicated that in the future, they would prefer to combine classic classroom and e-learning (N = 1403; 55.7%). Conclusions Most health sciences students were satisfied with the exclusive e-learning, as well as their personal and institutional adjustment to it. Students’ feedback can help institutions to improve the exclusive e-learning experience for students in the time of the pandemic.

The aim of this study was to find the source of Acinetobacter baumannii in the intensive care unit (ICU) after an outbreak during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, as there was no A. baumannii detected on usually screened susceptible surfaces. The screening of the ICU environment was done in April 2021 when eleven different samples were taken. One A. baumannii isolate was recovered from the air conditioner and was compared with four clinical A. baumannii isolates obtained from patients hospitalized in January 2021. Isolates were confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined, and the multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was performed. The molecular identification of A. baumannii isolates as ST208, the presence of the same blaOXA-23 carbapenemase gene, and the same antibiotic susceptibility profile suggest that the isolate recovered from the air conditioner is the same as the isolates recovered from hospitalized patients. The environmental isolate was recovered three months later than the clinical isolates, emphasizing the ability of A. baumannii to survive on dry abiotic surfaces. The air conditioner in the clinical environment is an important but undoubtedly neglected source of A. baumannii outbreaks, hence, frequent disinfection of hospital air conditioners with appropriate disinfectants is mandatory to mitigate the circulation of A. baumannii between patients and the hospital environment.

У раду се приказује анализа оптерећења далеководног носивог двосистемског стуба напонског нивоа 110kV према Европским Нормама. С обзиром на специфичност оптерећења које дјелује на далеководни носиви стуб велика труд се мора посветити анализи оптерећења и усвајању случајева оптерећења. Анализирана конструкција је решеткасти челични стуб висине 41,50m са три пара конзола. Након тога, приказује се и дискутује поређење резултата добијених према Европским Нормама са резултатима добијеним према Југословенским стандардима.

Abstract Background: Croatia has closed all educational institutions after 32 cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection were confirmed and switched to exclusive e-learning. Health sciences university students may have been particularly disrupted with this change due to lack of practical education. It is not known how health sciences students and schools have adjusted to exclusive e-learning. The aim of this study was to explore attitudes and concerns of health sciences students in Croatia regarding complete switch to e-learning during COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: Eligible participants were students from 9 institutions offering university-level health sciences education in Croatia enrolled in academic year 2019/2010, and participating in e-learning. Data were collected with questionnaire distributed via email during April/May 2020.Results: A total of 2520 students (aged 25.7±7.7 years) responded to the questionnaire (70.3% response rate). General satisfaction with exclusive e-learning was rated with average grade 3.7 out of 5. Compared with previous education, exclusive e-learning was rated with average grade 3.2 out of 5. Compared to classroom learning, equal or higher motivation to attend exclusive learning was reported by 64.4% of participants. With longer duration of exclusive e-learning, equal or higher motivation was reported by 65.5% of participants. Less than half of the students indicated they felt deprived or concerned due to the lack of practical lessons. Most participants indicated that in the future, they would prefer to combine classic classroom and e-learning (N=1403; 55.7%).Conclusions: Most health sciences students were satisfied with the exclusive e-learning, as well as their personal and institutional adjustment to it. Students’ feedback can help institutions to improve exclusive e-learning experience for students in time of pandemic.

Background Down syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic disorder. To date, the scientific literature regarding micronutrient status in children and adolescents with DS has not been systematically reviewed. Therefore, our aim was to provide a systematic review and meta-analysis on this topic. Methods We identified all relevant case-control studies published by 1 January 2022, by searching the PubMed and Scopus databases for original English-language articles analysing the micronutrient status of individuals with DS. Forty studies were included in the systematic review and 31 in the metaanalysis.Results Statistically significant differences between individuals with DS (cases) and non-DS (controls) (P ≤ 0.05) were obtained for zinc, selenium, copper, vitamin B12, sodium and calcium. Serum, plasma and whole blood analyses showed lower zinc levels in cases than controls {standardised mean difference [SMD] serum [95% confidence interval (CI)] = À2.32 [À3.22, À1.41], P < 0.00001; SMD plasma [95% CI] = À1.29 [À2.26, À0.31], P < 0.01; SMD blood [95% CI] = À1.59 [À2.29, À0.89], P < 0.00001}. Similarly, plasma and blood selenium concentrations were significantly lower in cases than controls (SMD plasma [95% CI] = À1.39 [À2.26, À0.51], P = 0.002; SMD blood [95% CI] = À1.86 [À2.59, À1.13], P < 0.00001). Intraerythrocytic copper and serum B12 were higher in cases than controls (SMD Cu [95% CI] = 3.33 [2.19, 4.46], P < 0.00001; SMD B12 [95% CI] = 0.89 [0.01, 1.77], P = 0.048). Blood calcium was lower in cases than controls (SMD Ca [95% CI] = À0.77 [À1.34, À0.21], P = 0.007).Conclusions This study provides the first systematic overview of micronutrient status in children and adolescents with DS and has shown that relatively little consistent research has been executed in this field. There is a clear need for more well-designed, clinical trials to study the micronutrient status and effects of dietary supplements in children and adolescents with DS.