Summary. Cyrtodiopsis whitei (Diopsidae) from
12Malaysia is one of the stalk-eyed flies which show Ifmr a marked sexual dimorphism of eye spans. The particularly long eye stalks of male flies are to be lo regarded as an epigamic feature. Field observations show the males' eye spans to be correlated with the possession of a harem and with that harem's size. The question whether such a harem is 8 acquired by male competition only, or whether female choice plays a part, is solved in female preference tests, offering dummy males of different eye spans for choice. Optical clues are found to be the relevant stimuli.
The problem of UV vision in vertebrates is briefly discussed in its historical context. For example, UV vision has been demonstrated in some birds by several authors. Hence the reflectances of plumage, petals of bird-pollinated flowers and of berries in the near UV may play an important rôle within the visual environment of birds. Some data obtained by means of UV photography are presented, and it is shown, that the waxlayer of glaucous fruits is highly reflective in the UV.
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