A five-week miniproject is described for an upper-division experimental organic chemistry course. The activities include synthesis of a phenylboronic acid via a Grignard reaction and its use in a Suzuki−Miyaura crosscoupling reaction. Technical skills and concepts normally presented in practical organic chemistry courses are covered, including the use of an inert atmosphere (Schlenk tube technique), separation of mixtures (filtration), melting range determination, infrared (IR) spectrum, stoichiometric calculations and gas chromatography techniques.

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The optimisation of a new catalyst system using NCP pincer palladacycle 1 was investigated using the experimental design technique. NCP pincer palladacycle 1 was previously investigated in Suzuki-Miyaura and Heck-Mizoroki cross-couplings and found to be a highly efficient catalyst precursor. In this study, the effects of the type of base (K 3 PO 4 or DABCO), solvent (DMF or dioxane) and reaction temperature (130 or 150 ºC) in the second step on the reactional yield in Sonogashira cross-coupling were assessed using the two-factor design. The results showed that temperature is statistically significant in relation to the reaction yield. ]]>

First time, Pd-Rice Husk Ash (Pd/RHA) and Pd-Banana Peel Ash (Pd-BPA) were used as eco-friendly catalysts in the C–S cross-coupling reaction of 5-bromo-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole with various benzene thiols in DMF under microwave irradiation at 75 °C, 200 W (100 psi) for 15–25 min. These catalysts were produced from agro-industrial wastes, such as rice husk ash and banana peel ash. These can be recycled and reused up to five catalytic cycles without loss of catalytic efficiency.

The production of sustainable catalytic supports for palladium nanoparticles is always desired, even more so through the recovery of biomass residues. In this sense, two different solids were investigated — chitosan/cellulose film and corn stem biochar — as catalytic supports of palladium nanoparticles. The solids were carefully characterized and tested in the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction, a typical cross-coupling reaction. The developed catalytic systems proved to be efficient and sustainable, promoted the formation of target products very well, and demanded green reactants under environmentally appropriate conditions. With the results shown in the manuscript, it is expected to contribute to the valorization of biomass and agro-industrial residues in the development of new catalysts for the chemical industry. Graphical abstract Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11356-022-22616-6.

NCP Pincer Palladacycle as a Phosphine-Free Catalyst Precursor for the Heck-Mizoroki Coupling of Aryl Halides. -The NCP pincer palladacycle complex efficiently catalyzes the Heck reaction of various aryl iodides (II) and bromides (IV) with butyl acrylate (I). A variety of functional groups is tolerated. In contrast, only electron-deficient aryl chlorides are suitable substrates for this reaction. The NCP pincer palladacycle does not catalyze the Heck coupling of electron-rich aryl chlorides or sterically hindered olefins. -(ROSA*, G. R.; ROSA, D. S.; RSC Adv. 2 (2012) 12, 5080-5083, http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2ra01261h ; Sch. Chem. Food, Univ. Fed. Rio Grande do Sul,