SUMMARYHelicobacter pylori is a bacterium recognized as the major cause of peptic ulcer and chronic gastritis. Recently, a proteomebased approach was developed to investigate pathogenic factors related to H. pylori. In this preliminary study, H. pylori strains were isolated from gastric biopsies of patients with chronic gastritis and duodenal ulcers. A partial proteomic analysis of H. pylori strains was performed by bacterial lyses and proteins were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). A comparative analysis was performed to verify a differential protein expression between these two 2-DE maps. These data should be useful to clarify the role of different proteins related to bacterial pathogenesis. This study will be completed using a larger number of samples and protein identification of H. pylori by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. KEYWORDS:Helicobacter pylori; Proteome; Bidimensional electrophoresis; Chronic gastritis; Peptic ulcers.Helicobacter pylori is a pathogenic bacterium associated with the etiopathogenesis of universally spread chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, gastric adenocarcinoma and MALT-lymphoma, mainly in developing countries 1,5 . Several of its biological aspects have not been revealed yet, in spite of molecular studies about this bacterium. A strategy to improve these studies consists in analyzing the whole protein expressed by the organism in its microenvironment. This is defined as proteome and the methodology is based around the technique of two-dimensional electrophoresis, which is directed towards display of proteins expressed inside gels, followed by protein identification using Peptide Mass Fingerprinting mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) 7,8,9 .Recently, some reports have described a comparison among 2-DE proteome maps of clinical isolates obtained from patients who had peptic ulcers and chronic gastritis. It has been found that the main proteins have a different expression in these 2-DE maps, including GroEL (a protein that increases urease enzyme activity) and SodF (an enzyme involved in free radical and hydrogen peroxide catabolism) 2,3 . In this work, we carried out a comparative analysis of 2-DE maps of H. pylori from Brazilian patients, in order to find molecular targets related to its pathogenic mechanism in clinical isolates derived from duodenal ulcers and gastritis.H. pylori strains were isolated from gastric mucosa biopsies of two patients who had not been previously treated, submitted to upper gastrointestinal endoscopy at Gastrocentro, UNICAMP. Bacterial isolation and protein extraction were performed according to our previous reports 6,8 .The samples were submitted to isoelectrofocusing (IEF) solubilized with 8M urea, 4% CHAPS, 70 mM DTT, ampholine linear pH gradient 4-7 (pH 4-7L) 1.5% and 0.001% bromophenol blue. At this stage, 64 μg of each protein sample were applied to polyacrylamide dried strips, pH gradient 4-7 L (immobilized pH gradient -IPG). The first dimension of 2-DE was performed on an Amersham Biosciences Electrophoresis System accumulating 96 ...
Neste artigo, defende-se a escolarização da literatura sob os paradigmas do letramento literário (COSSON, 2016 [2006]) e da compreensão intercultural da realidade (SILVA, 2000; CUCHE, 2002; BUCHOLTZ; HALL, 2004; MAHER, 2007; DANTAS, 2012; MONTIEL, 2013; dentre outros), como resposta à desarmonia definidora da sociedade brasileira pós-moderna, traduzida pelo paradoxo do máximo da racionalidade técnica e do máximo da irracionalidade comportamental (CANDIDO, 2011 [1988]). Para tanto, reconhece-se, no caso do primeiro paradigma, e propõe-se, no do segundo, alguns de seus princípios socioeducativos; problematizando, ainda, as funções sociais creditadas à literatura e à sua escolarização diante das ideologias linguísticas às quais naturalmente se filiam (MAKONI; PENNYCOOK, 2012), de sua difusão no âmbito das principais agências de letramento institucionais (a exemplo da escola e da igreja) e de seu emprego potencial na formação discursiva da nação (EAGLETON, 2006 [1983]; CANDIDO, 2011 [1988]).
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