In this work, we investigated the usefulness of the SOS Chromotest for screening plant antigenotoxic agents against ultraviolet radiation (UV). Fifty Colombian plant extracts obtained by supercritical fluid (CO) extraction, twelve plant extract constituents (apigenin, carvacrol, β-caryophyllene, 1,8-cineole, citral, p-cymene, geraniol, naringenin, pinocembrin, quercetin, squalene, and thymol) and five standard antioxidant and/or photoprotective agents (curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, resveratrol, α-tocopherol, and Trolox®) were evaluated for their genotoxicity and antigenotoxicity against UV using the SOS Chromotest. None of the plant extracts, constituents or agents were genotoxic in the SOS Chromotest at tested concentrations. Based on the minimal extract concentration that significantly inhibited UV-genotoxicity (CIG), five plant extracts were antigenotoxic against UV as follows: Baccharis nítida (16 μg mL) = Solanum crotonifolium (16 μg mL) > Hyptis suaveolens (31 μg mL) = Persea caerulea (31 μg mL) > Lippia origanoides (62 μg mL). Based on CIG values, the flavonoid compounds showed the highest antigenotoxic potential as follows: apigenin (7 μM) > pinocembrin (15 μM) > quercetin (26 μM) > naringenin (38 μM) > epigallocatechin gallate (108 μM) > resveratrol (642 μM). UV-genotoxicity inhibition with epigallocatechin gallate, naringenin and resveratrol was related to its capability for inhibiting protein synthesis. A correlation analysis between compound antigenotoxicity estimates and antioxidant activity evaluated by the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay showed that these activities were not related. The usefulness of the SOS Chromotest for bioprospecting of plant antigenotoxic agents against UV was discussed.
This paper explains the wave phenomenon that was worked and the medium in which the propagation occurs. A differential equation of the elastic wave in isotropic and heterogeneous media is solved using a finite difference method with staggered mesh with second order accuracy in time and fourth grade in space, aiming for greater stability and efficiency.The solution of the equation was implemented in C. Scons was used for compiling the programs and Madagascar (seismic data processing software) to control the flow of data and perform seismic simulation. The testbed was the GUANE-1 architecture.OpenMP was used to accelerate the application, running the algorithm on 24 CPUs on one node. CUDA was used to run the solution in a hybrid architecture with CPU and GPU, using only global memory on the graphic processors. Finally an analysis and comparison of metrics and runtime acceleration of the two models of parallelization is used to check the processing power that can be achieved with hybrid architectures. Keywords-Seismic modelling, elastic wave equation, isotropic media, FDTD, computational geophysics, hybrid architectures, OpenMP, CUDA, 3D visualization.Resumen-En este trabajo se presenta la explicación del fenómeno ondulatorio que se trabajó y del medio en el que se propaga. Se soluciona la ecuación diferencial de la onda elástica en medios isótropos y heterogéneos, haciendo uso de un método de diferencias finitas con malla intercalada con segundo orden de precisión en el tiempo y cuarto orden de precisión en el espacio, para obtener una mayor estabilidad y eficiencia.La solución de la ecuación se implementó con código C, Scons para complilar los programas y Madagascar (un paquete de código libre de procesamiento de datos sísmicos) para controlar los flujos de datos y realizar la simulación sísmica, utilizando la arquitectura de GUANE-1.
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