Objective To compare the effectiveness of ibuprofen, acetaminophen, and chewing gum for orthodontic pain relief and to assess if chewing gum can be a non-pharmacological alternative for orthodontic pain relief. Methods The study enrolled 106 patients of both sexes, aged ≥ 12 years, with body weight > 50 kg, and mild-to-moderate dental crowding in the upper arch. After randomization and allocation concealment, the intervention groups were either administered with ibuprofen (400 mg) or acetaminophen (500 mg) or chewed sugar-free chewing gum immediately after initial archwire placement and every 6 hours for 1 week if the pain persisted. The control group did not receive any pain relief. The pain was assessed on a 100-mm visual analog scale at rest and while biting down at T1 (2 hours), T2 (24 hours), T3 (2 days), T4 (3 days), T5 (7 days), and T6 (21 days). Statistical analyses were performed using the Kruskal–Wallis and post-hoc Mann–Whitney U tests (α = 0.05). Results The chewing gum group experienced more pain relief than the ibuprofen group at while biting down at T3 ( p = 0.04) and at rest at T4 ( p < 0.001). The chewing gum group reported more pain relief than the acetaminophen and control groups while biting down at T3 ( p = 0.03 and p = 0.0006, respectively) and T4 (both p < 0.001). Conclusions Chewing gum can be a non-pharmacological alternative for orthodontic pain relief at 2 and 3 days after initial archwire placement.
Studies involving populations are often questioned as to the homogeneity of their samples relative to race and ethnicity. Such questioning is justified because sample heterogeneity can increase the variability of and even mask results. These two concepts (race and ethnicity) are often confused despite their subtle differences. Race includes phenotypic characteristics such as skin color, whereas ethnicity also encompasses cultural factors such as nationality, tribal affiliation, religion, language and traditions of a particular group. Despite the widespread use of the term "race", geneticists are increasingly convinced that race is much more a social than a scientific construct. AbstractKeywords: Ethnicity and health. Distribution by race or ethnicity. Ethnic groups.* Students attending the Course
The principles of orthodontic mechanics strongly influence the success of impacted canine traction. The present study discusses the main imaging exams used for diagnosis and localization of impacted canines, the possible associated etiological factors and the most indicated mechanical solutions.
Introduction: Tooth agenesis is often associated with other tooth anomalies, such as microdontia, delayed eruption and ectopic eruption. Moreover, they may be found all in the same individual, as certain genetic mutations may have a variable phenotypic expression. Treatment of cases of hypodontia of anterior teeth should not involve only opening or closing space for prosthetic rehabilitation. Individuals with hypodontia of permanent maxillary lateral incisors may have teeth with a mesiodistal width smaller than that of patients with a normal dentition, and which may need reshaping to achieve an esthetic and functional occlusion. Objective: This clinical case report discusses the association of hypodontia of permanent maxillary lateral incisors with other tooth anomalies and their treatment alternatives.
INTRODUÇÃO: Contenções fixas são alternativas de primeira escolha para estabilizar o alinhamento de dentes anteriores após o tratamento ortodôntico, por não necessitarem da cooperação do paciente. Contudo, são mais propensas ao acúmulo de placa e cálculo. Com base nisto, o uso de contenções ortodônticas fixas denominadas higiênicas tem sido adotado com o intuito de se preservar a saúde periodontal. Entretanto, esse tipo de contenção possui maior quantidade de fio, o que a torna mais suscetível a deformações, que aumentam o risco de complicações pós-tratamento — como movimentos dentários indesejáveis. OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste artigo é ilustrar dois casos clínicos que resultaram em movimentos indesejáveis na fase pós-contenção, descrever as causas mais comuns desses movimentos dentários indesejáveis e enfatizar a importância das consultas de contenção para identificar todos os fatores do movimento dentário indesejado. RESULTADOS: Os dois casos clínicos apre- sentados demonstraram que o movimento indesejado é imprevisível, e pode estar associado a fatores que podem gerar abertura de pequenos espaços ou alteração de torque radicular, resultando em recessões gengivais. CONCLUSÃO: As barras de contenção higiênicas apresentam risco de gerar movimentos dentários indesejados, por isso a importância da assiduidade do paciente às consultas de contenção, antes que ocorram problemas maiores, como retrações gengivais e fenestrações ósseas.
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