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Saturated and trans fatty acids play a significant role in the plastic properties of food. However, health recommendations suggest limiting their intake. One approach which got the attention of researchers was to decrease the amount of saturated and trans fatty acids in food by the structuring of edible oils through the crystallization of waxes. The underlying mechanisms that lead to organogelation and the properties that characterize well-structured edible oil have been slow to fully understand due in part to a lack of standardiza­tion in their analysis which often makes the comparison between research results from different laboratories difficult. The aim of this work was to review previously reported methods for the characterization of organo­gelation using vegetable and animal waxes, and to propose a minimal standardization for an organogelation analysis.

Every year, agrifood activities generate a large amount of plant byproducts, which have a low economical value. However, the valorization of these byproducts can contribute to increasing the intake of dietary fibers and reducing the environmental pollution. This review presents an overview of a wide variety of agricultural wastes applied in the formulation of different food products and sustainable packaging. In general, the incorporation of fibers into bakery, meat, and dairy products was successful, especially at a level of 10% or less. Fibers from a variety of crops improved the consistency, texture, and stability of sauce formulations without affecting sensory quality. In addition, fiber fortification (0.01-6.4%) presented considerable advantages in terms of rheology, texture, melting behavior, and fat replacement of ice cream, but in some cases had a negative impact on color and mouthfeel. In the case of beverages, promising effects on texture, viscosity, stability, and appetite control were obtained by the addition of soluble dietary fibers from grains and fruits with small particle size. Biocomposites used in packaging benefited from reinforcing effects of various plant fiber sources, but the extent of modification depended on the matrix type, fiber pretreatment, and concentration. The information synthesized in this contribution can be used as a tool to screen and select the most promising fiber source, fiber concentration, and pretreatment for specific food applications and sustainable packaging.

Valorization of the agri‐food industry by‐products could contribute to curb issues related to food security and environmental problems. Flax and wheat seeds are major products of this industry, but their production is associated with tons of straws that can be valorized for their cuticular and epicuticular waxes. We aimed to determine the organogelation capacity of epicuticular waxes in comparison to cuticular waxes from both flax and wheat straws. Epicuticular waxes from flax and wheat straws have structured canola oil at 2% and 4% (w/w), respectively, whereas cuticular waxes from flax and wheat straws required critical concentrations of 4% and 5% (w/w), respectively. Characterization of the organogelation capacity (onset of crystallization temperature, temperature of phase transition, crystal morphology, solid fat, crystalline structure, and oil binding capacity) was also carried out. The high onset of crystallization temperature (38.1 ± 1.2°C), the phase transition at high temperature (38 ± 1.5°C), and capacity to structure canola oil at low concentration showed that epicuticular wax from flax straw is a promisor fat substitute, presenting organogelation properties comparable to the best results obtained in the literature for other vegetal waxes.

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O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a infl uência do branqueamento em água quente, da desidratação osmótica em solução de sacarose e da aplicação de cobertura comestível de pectina na cor e atividade de água de fatias de mamão Formosa, após secagem convectiva. Nos experimentos iniciais, com base em planejamento fatorial, avaliou-se a infl uência da concentração da solução desidratante e do tempo de desidratação osmótica na cor e atividade de água de fatias frescas e branqueadas de mamão. Não foram verifi cadas alterações signifi cativas na cor das amostras nos intervalos estudados. Encontrou-se expressão para a atividade de água das frutas branqueadas desidratadas osmoticamente. Posteriormente avaliou-se a infl uência do branqueamento, da desidratação osmótica, da aplicação de cobertura comestível e de combinações entre esses pré-tratamentos na cor e atividade de água das fatias de mamão após secagem convectiva. Verifi cou-se que o branqueamento não representou pré-tratamento vantajoso para a manutenção da cor e para a redução da atividade de água das frutas secas. As frutas frescas desidratadas osmoticamente com ou sem aplicação de cobertura comestível apresentaram os melhores resultados. MAMÃO -SECAGEM. PALAVRAS-CHAVES: DESIDRATAÇÃO OSMÓTICA; BRANQUEAMENTO; COBERTURA COMESTÍVEL;

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