Lithium minerals become a sub-economic raw material for lithium production to fulfill the lithium demand. This study is about lithium extraction from mica schist using the roasting and leaching processes. The mica schist located in Kebumen, Indonesia was used to study the phenomena during the lithium extraction process. Sodium sulfate was used as a roasting agent while 0.36 M sulfuric acid was used as a leaching agent. Solid/liquid ratio (1:5, 1:10, 1:15 and 1:20 (g/mL)) and leaching time (30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes) were used as variables in this study. The roasting process was done at 700 °С for 40 minutes while the leaching process was done at 70 °С and 350 rpm. The ratio of additive and mica schist was 1.5:1 (g/g). XRD, ICP-OES, and SEM were used to observe the formed compounds, chemical composition and morphology of the materials. HighScore Plus (HSP) was used to interpret the content of each compound in mica schist, roasted mica schist, and residue. ICP analysis confirmed that the mica schist contains 45.28 ppm of lithium. It is supported by XRD that lithium exists in mica schist as lepidolite (KLi2AlSi4O10(F,OH)2). Sulfate roasting did not affect the type of lepidolite but the lepidolite reactivity against the chemical agent. SEM analysis shows that the roasting process reduced the average particle size from 32.17 to 27.16 µm. ICP analysis of roasted mica schist shows that lithium concentration was reduced from 45.28 to 1.27 ppm. The optimum result from this study was 97.66 % extraction of lithium while solid/liquid ratio was 1:5 (g/ml) and leaching time was 30 minutes. HSP shows that lepidolite contents in initial mica schist, roasted mica schist and residue were 60.6; 24.3 and 18.7 %, respectively. Lithium concentration in the residue according to ICP analysis is 1.06 ppm.
Electrical capacitance volume tomography (ECVT) is proposed as a novel realtime monitoring system for column flotation process. This study aims to validate the results between static and dynamic simulations using ECVT and ECVT-Computational Fluids Dynamics (ECVT-CFD) and real-time column flotation monitoring experiment using ECVT system. Bubble fractions from both the simulations and the experiments with the variation of gas velocity (0.02, 0.03 and 0.04 m/s) were compared and measured. The results of the study showed that ECVT experiments successfully simulated the images of bubbles inside the real-time column flotation. Both simulations and experiments showed that the bubble fraction increased with the increasing of gas velocity. Furthermore, the comparison between the simulated bubble fraction and the experimental results gave a validation accuracy range of 86%-98%. It was also indicated that at higher gas velocity (0.04 m/s) the accuracy of the simulations is better than that of lower gas velocity (0.02 and 0.03 m/s).
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