In this work, we develop a nonflammable low-concentration electrolyte (LCE) based on the Li+-solvation sheath structure. It consists of only 0.4M LiPF6 in the mixture of ethylene carbonate (EC), dimethyl...
Due to its high safety and long cyclic life, the LiFePO4 (LFP) battery has received numerous attention
and has been widely used in electric vehicles. Therefore, it is urgent
to develop advanced technology to recycle spent LFP batteries to avoid
energy exhaustion and protect the environment. Here, we report a direct
regeneration strategy for spent LFP powder based on the wet full-component
leaching method and traditional LFP production process. Specifically,
combined leaching of spent LFP powder using H3PO4 and citric acid was done; meanwhile, the leaching solution is used
as the precursor to regenerate LFP cathode materials by a typical
LFP spray-drying process. The recovery rates of Li, Fe, and P were
above 95%. Effective separation of Al elements could be realized by
pretreatment of LFP with a low concentration of LiOH solution, and
the Al removal rate can reach 89%. The LFP material regenerated through
prealuminum removal demonstrated excellent electrochemical properties,
with a discharge capacity of 123.3 mA h g–1 at a
rate of 5 C. After 600 cycles at 1 C, its capacity retention was found
to be as high as 97.3%. Moreover, the economic benefit analysis indicates
that the progress is rewarding. This novel and simple method has made
a breakthrough in the limitations of traditional LFP-recovery process,
eliminating the complicated chemical precipitation process. Meanwhile,
it realizes the direct recovery of LFP and eliminates wastewater at
the origin, which is expected to be widely used in industry.
A high-concentration electrolyte is favored in dual-ion batteries (DIBs) due to the lower onset potential for anion intercalation, higher specific discharge capacity, and better oxidation stability. Inspired by the correlation between the high-concentration electrolytes and localized high-concentration electrolytes, it is suspected that it is not the salt concentration but the solution structure of the electrolyte that determines the intercalation behavior of anion into graphite cathode. To prove the viewpoint, a series of electrolytes are prepared by controlling the salt concentration or solution structure and the intercalation behavior of PF 6 − within the graphite cathode is investigated in Li||graphite and graphite||graphite cells. It is found that PF 6 − anions exhibit similar onset potentials and specific discharge capacities in the electrolytes with different salt concentrations but similar solution structures. This study provides a new perspective on designing promising electrolytes for DIBs, which can accelerate the further exploitation of high-performance DIBs.
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