The synthesis of heterocycles has been an emerging area of chemical research considering their high importance in pharmaceuticals, material chemistry, and natural product synthesis. The development of greener methodologies by...
The
inexpensive and simple NiBr2/1,10-phenanthroline
system-catalyzed synthesis of a series of quinoxalines from both 2-nitroanilines
and 1,2-diamines is demonstrated. The reusability test for this system
was performed up to the seventh cycle, which afforded good yields
of the desired product without losing its reactivity significantly.
Notably, during the catalytic reaction, the formation of the heterogeneous
Ni-particle was observed, which was characterized by PXRD, XPS, and
TEM techniques.
Direct and selective
synthesis of N,N-dimethylated amines from
nitriles using methanol as C1 building blocks is reported using an
air- and moisture-stable ruthenium complex. Following this process,
various aromatic as well as aliphatic nitriles were converted to the
corresponding N-methylated amines. Interestingly, tandem C-methylation
as well as N-methylation was achieved by introducing multiple methyl
groups. The practical aspect of this process was revealed by preparative-scale
reactions with different nitriles and the synthesis of anti-allergic
drug “avil”. Several kinetic experiments and detailed
DFT calculations were carried out to understand the mechanism of this
process.
Ru(II) catalyzed tandem synthesis of α-branched methylated ketones via multicomponent reactions following the hydrogen borrowing process is described. This nonphosphine-based air and moisture stable catalyst efficiently produced various methylated ketones using methanol as a methylating agent. This system was found to be highly effective in three-component coupling between methanol, primary alcohols, and methyl ketones. A proposed catalytic cycle for the α-methylation is supported by DFT calculations as well as kinetic experiments.
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