In this literature review, we examine literature about pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) in relation to in-field and out-of-field teaching experience and pedagogical training in general education subjects, music subjects, and more specifically string music education. Out-of-field teaching has been defined as a lack of fit between teachers' preparation and their teaching assignments (Ingersoll, 1998). Our intention is to highlight the importance of providing non-string specialists who are assigned string classes with the string-specific support they need to help them be successful in their teaching careers. Hamann, Gillespie, and Bergonzi (2002) reported that 74% of the string openings between 1999 and 2001 were filled with teachers whose primary instrument was a string instrument. However, only 50% of the string openings in the 2008-2009 school year were filled by teachers with a string primary (Smith & Alexander, 2010). Smith and Alexander (2010) speculated a rise in the need for additional string educators in the future based on an aging 760970U PDXXX10.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.