Background: Different scales have attempted to assess various aspects of family dynamics and structures. Good family function seems to allow for better prognoses for basic diseases and appears to be a predictor of depression. The aim of this study was to determine the association between family functionality and depression. Methods: This is a systematic review and meta-analysis including cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies using validated instruments such as the Family APGAR (Adaptability, Partnership, Growth, Affection, and Resolve) and Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale III. A search strategy was designed for the MEDLINE, Embase, Central, and LILACS databases along with data saturation through a search of unpublished literature from the onset of the databases to the present. The categorical variables are expressed in terms of odds ratios (OR), and the statistical analysis was carried out using Review Manager ver. 5.31 (The Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, UK) using forest plots with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). A fixed-effect model was used according to the expected heterogeneity, expressed in terms of I 2. The risk of bias was evaluated using the MINORS (methodological index for non-randomized studies) tool. Results: A total of 1,519 studies were found, of which 10 were selected for the qualitative synthesis and four were chosen for the meta-analysis. The result for the association between family dysfunction and depression yielded an OR (95% CI) of 3.72 (2.70 to 5.12) and I 2 of 24%. Conclusion: Family dysfunction and depression are strongly associated.
Précis: A single-center retrospective review over a 10-year period discovered an 8.6% risk of developing secondary open-angle glaucoma, and a 6.7% risk of neovascular glaucoma after brachytherapy for uveal melanoma. Additional risk factors were identified. Purpose: To report the incidence and identify risk factors for secondary open-angle glaucoma and neovascular glaucoma after iodine-125 brachytherapy for uveal melanoma in a tertiary ocular oncology and glaucoma practice. Patients and Methods: Eyes of patients who had been diagnosed and treated with iodine-12 brachytherapy for uveal melanoma over a 10-year period were included for review. Secondary open-angle glaucoma was defined as meeting the following criteria: at least 3 measurements of intraocular pressure (IOP) ≥21 mm Hg after the removal of the iodine-125 plaque and an open angle on gonioscopy. Neovascular glaucoma was defined as meeting the following criteria: at least 3 measurements of IOP ≥21 mm Hg and neovascularization of the iris or anterior chamber angle. Cumulative incidence was calculated and survival analysis was used to analyze risk factors for both secondary open-angle glaucoma and neovascular glaucoma. Results: A total of 374 eyes in patients diagnosed with uveal melanoma and treated with Iodine-125 brachytherapy were included in the study. Thirty-one eyes (8.6%) were diagnosed with secondary open-angle glaucoma and 25 eyes (6.7%) were diagnosed with neovascular glaucoma. Multivariate analysis identified the following risk factors for secondary open-angle glaucoma: older age, greater tumor size, iris location of uveal melanoma, higher baseline IOP, ciliary body involvement, and eyes having undergone combined brachytherapy with vitrectomy and silicone oil placement for radiation attenuation. The risk factors for neovascular glaucoma were as follows: greater tumor size, greater number of pack-years smoking history, pseudophakia, and higher grade of radiation retinopathy severity by fluorescein angiogram. Conclusions: We have identified additional risk factors for the development of both secondary open-angle glaucoma and neovascular glaucoma in patients with uveal melanoma who have undergone iodine-125 brachytherapy for local tumor control. The risk of secondary glaucoma is substantial. Close ophthalmic monitoring of patients is necessary for detection and timely treatment of glaucoma to maximize visual outcome.
Background/aimsTo identify clinical characteristics and factors associated with microcystic macular edema (MME) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).MethodsWe included 315 POAG eyes between 2010 and 2019 with good-quality macular volume scans that had reliable visual fields (VF) available within 6 months in this observational retrospective cohort study. Eyes with retinal pathologies except for epiretinal membrane (ERM) were excluded. The inner nuclear layer was qualitatively assessed for the presence of MME. Global mean deviation (MD) and Visual Field Index (VFI) decay rates, superior and inferior MD rates and pointwise total deviation rates of change were estimated with linear regression. Logistic regression was performed to identify baseline factors associated with the presence of MME and to determine whether MME is associated with progressive VF loss.Results25 out of 315 eyes (7.9%) demonstrated MME. The average (±SD) age and MD in eyes with and without MME was 57.2 (±8.7) versus 62.0 (±9.9) years (p=0.02) and −9.8 (±5.7) versus −4.9 (±5.3) dB (p<0.001), respectively. Worse global MD at baseline (p=0.001) and younger age (p=0.02) were associated with presence of MME. ERM was not associated with the presence of MME (p=0.84) in this cohort. MME was not associated with MD and VFI decay rates (p>0.49).ConclusionsMore severe glaucoma and younger age were associated with MME. MME was not associated with faster global VF decay in this cohort. MME may confound monitoring of glaucoma with full macular thickness.
In this paper we discuss the first results of the PLEASED project [1] which aims at employing plants as biosensors of a new generation of pervasive and organic wireless sensor networks.
The features of a sinkhole that occurred at a critical node within the road network of the Metropolitan District of Quito are described first. The negative consequences of this event on the district's functioning and in particular on mobility are presented after. The vulnerability factors that allow a better understanding of the causes of sinkholes and the related traffic disruptions are detailed. Then, the efficient management of this event led by the Municipality of Quito is described. Finally the lessons of this event for risks preparedness are highlighted. The evolution of the legal framework relating to urban land production, the investments in hydraulic infrastructures and citizen mobility that were indirectly derived from this crisis are analysed more specifically.
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