No abstract

This study aims to improve user comfort and heaters, which are about 1-1.5kW. Further research is recommended to improve the design and application of the thermal chair to improve user overall thermal comfort and also further reduce energy consumption.

No abstract

No abstract

The aim of this work was to determine the ventilation and cooling potential of a passive cooling windcatcher operating under hot climatic conditions by replicating the monthly wind velocity, wind direction, temperature and relative humidity (RH) observed in a hot-desert city. The city of Ras-Al-Khaimah (RAK), UAE was used as the location of the case-study and available climatic data was used as inlet boundary conditions for the numerical analysis. The study employed the CFD code FLUENT 14.5 with the standard k-model to conduct the steady-state RANS simulation. The windcatcher model was incorporated to a 3 x 3 x 3 m 3 test room model, which was identical to the one used in the field test. Unlike most numerical simulation of windcatchers, the work will simulate wind flows found in sub-urban environment. The numerical model provided detailed analysis of the pressure, airflow and temperature distributions inside the windcatcher and test room model. Temperature and velocity profiles indicated an induced, cooler airflow inside the room; outside air was cooled from 38˚C to 26-28˚C, while the average induced airflow speed was 0.59 m/s (15% lower compared to a windcatcher w/out heat pipes). Field testing measurements were carried out in the Jazira Hamra area of RAK during the month of September. The test demonstrated the positive effect of the integration of heat pipes on the cooling performance but also highlighted several issues. The comparison between the measured and predicted supply temperatures were in good agreement, with an average error of 3.15%.

8Studies on Road Pavement Solar Collectors (RPSC) have shown the potential of reducing the urban 9 heat island (UHI) effects by dissipating the heat from the pavement for energy harness. Several works 10 have shown that the generated heat could be utilised for sustainable urban energy system. However, 11 none of the previous literatures have assessed the effect of building geometry on the performance of 12 the RPSC. This study investigates the thermal performance of an urban-integrated RPSC system by 13 using CFD simulation of integrated RPSC system with a standard urban canyon domain and an empty 14 domain. Based on 21 st June at 13:00, it was found that the RPSC system in urban canyon domain was 15 on average 36.08% more effective in thermal collection and provided on average 27.11% more 16 surface temperature reduction as compared to the RSPC application in rural/flat domain. The RPSC 17 performance based on the effect from daily solar intensity was initiated with results demonstrated the 18 efficiency of the RPSC in an urban setting was 7.14% to 63.26% more than the rural/flat setting. 19Simulations of various wind speeds in summer day(s) and the impact of seasonal changes to the RPSC 20 system were also conducted to investigate the deficiency factors to the system.

3Recent works have highlighted the importance of mitigating the urban heat island effect using 4 innovative technologies. Several studies have emphasised the capabilities of the road pavement solar 5 collector system to dissipate high temperature from the pavement/road surfaces not only to expand its 6 lifecycle but also to reduce the Urban Heat Island effect. This study builds on previous research 7 combining an urban configuration and a road pavement solar collector system in Computational Fluid 8Dynamics in order to understand the complicated connection of the urban environment and the road 9 pavement. This study investigates the impact of the urban form on the performance of the road 10 pavement solar collector focusing on comparing symmetrical and asymmetrical height of the urban 11 street canyon. A 3D de-coupled simulation approach was used to simulate a macro domain (urban 12 environment) and micro domain, which consists of road pavement solar collector pipes. ANSYS 13 Fluent 15.0 was employed with the solar load model, Discrete Ordinate radiation model and Reynold 14Averaged Navier Stokes with standard -epsilon equation. The simulation was carried out based on 15 the summer month of June in Milan urban centre, Italy. Results showed a significant variation in the 16 temperature results of road surface in comparing the three configurations. It was also found that there 17 was a significant reduction in the RPSC system performance when taller building row was behind the 18 first approaching building row. The method presented in this research could be useful for studying the 19 integration of RSPC in various urban forms. 20 21 22 Keyword: Urban Heat Island, urban street canyon, building simulation, Computational 23 Fluid Dynamics, road solar collector, heat transfer 24 25 26 27 28

No abstract