Background: In recent years, scientific research on the gut microbiota and their relationship with some diseases, including neurological ones, has notably increased. As a result of these investigations, the so-called gut-brain axis arises. Despite its influence on the evolution and development of cognitive impairment, the gut-brain axis is little defined and demonstrated. Objective: To provide the best scientific evidence available on the relationship between the gut microbiota and Alzheimer’s disease. Method: Systematic and narrative review of the information generated in the last 5 years in national and international databases, in English and Spanish. Results: Eight observational studies were selected, carried out in humans and, therefore, suitable for inclusion in this review. Conclusion: The results of these studies support the hypothesis that there is a relationship between the gut microbiota and cognitive disorders through the gut-brain axis. However, today, there is a substantial lack of human studies, especially clinical trials, which makes it difficult to formulate clinical recommendations on this topic.
Aim
The aim of the study was to understand the experiences of patients on automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) during the period of confinement due to the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Design
Qualitative exploratory study, phenomenological through semi‐structured telephone interview.
Method
A priori sampling was carried out with patients on APD with remote monitoring and telephone follow‐up, in 13 hospitals in Mexico.
Results
Twenty‐nine informants, mean age 45.41 ± 16.93; 15 women and 14 men. The analysis revealed four categories of analysis: home isolation, clinical follow‐up, socioeconomic challenges and infodemic. The experiences of these patients led them to somatize emotions, presenting symptoms such as anxiety, sadness, loneliness, sleep, eating and digestive disorders, situation that sets the tone for future research on telemedicine care models, coping styles, emotional support strategies and socioeconomic impact on patients with chronic home treatments during the pandemic.
The study aimed at analyzing patients and nursing‐related factors associated with switching from peritoneal dialysis to hemodialysis. A telephone survey with 574 patients receiving care at six peritoneal dialysis centers of the Mexican Institute of Social Security was conducted: 64.3% were on peritoneal dialysis, and 35.7% had transitioned from peritoneal dialysis to hemodialysis. Data were collected on participants' sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, peritoneal dialysis center size, and nursing workload. Descriptive, bivariate, and multiple Poisson regression analyses were performed. Factors associated with an increased probability of switching from peritoneal dialysis to hemodialysis were a history of catheter dysfunction, peritonitis, and being treated in a large peritoneal dialysis center with a low (<50 patients per nurse per month) or high nursing workload (>70 patients per nurse per month) located in the State of Mexico, compared to a medium‐size peritoneal dialysis center with a moderate workload (50–70 patients per nurse per month). To decrease the odds of switching from peritoneal dialysis to hemodialysis, improvement programs should aim to limit nurses' workload to 50–70 patients per nurse per month and implement evidence‐based nursing interventions to prevent, detect, and manage peritonitis and peritoneal catheter dysfunction.
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