The data of the prospective study is presented. In conditions of the pediatric district, the population prevalence rate of acute bronchiolitis in children under two years was calculated to be 107 per 1000 cases. Two groups of children with mild and moderate bronchiolitis were examined: 52 patients were randomized to receive 3% or 0.9% sodium chloride solution; children of the comparison group from the adjacent section of the same polyclinic received antibiotics (15 children) and inhalation of berodual with saline (21 children). The evaluation of the severity of the course, the effectiveness of treatment, indications for the hospitalization were executed with the use of pulse oximetry and the Kristjansson scale. The clinical effectiveness of the use of hypertonic (3%) sodium chloride solution in the form of inhalations with the help of a compressor nebulizer as an adequate, safe and economical means of monotherapy in the mild and moderate course of acute bronchiolitis in children on an outpatient basis has been established
There are presented data of a prospective three-year follow-up study of patients with acute bronchitis (OB) at the pediatric site. The calculated population prevalence rate of acute bronchitis in children amounted to 74-96/ 1000 children. The tactics of various methods of the treatment of acute acute bronchitis (acute bronchitis) and acute obstructive bronchitis (OOB) in two adjacent pediatric areas were evaluated. The authors found no significant differences in the duration of arresting wheezing and dyspnea in simple bronchitis with antibiotics as compared with saline inhalations in two compared groups. According to the criterion “disappearance of wheezing” there was shown the efficacy of a 3% solution of sodium chloride (the main group) if compared with the use of antibiotic and berodual in the comparison group. Antibacterial therapy was required in 15% of cases for children suffered from acute bronchitis with concomitant urinary tract infections, acute otitis media, chlamydia and mycoplasmal infection.
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